89 



force of the sprav. Where the fruit did not get the full force of 

 the spray the Lime-sulphur tended to control the natural russeting 

 of the fruit; and in a neighbor's orchard where the material was 

 put on with a hand pump at a much lower pressure than we put 

 it on. the russeting was almost eliminated ; while in a neighbor's 

 orchard which was not sprayed, it was quite prevalent ; so that we 

 are convinced that russeting may be due to natural causes as well 

 as spray injury, and ma}' result even when Lime-sulphur is used. 

 Our modified method of this year was not thorough enough to 

 control all the coddling moth. Next vear we intend to make our 

 Lime-sulphur much weaker probablv i to 70 and resort to a thor- 

 ough drenching of the tree as soon as the blossoms fall in order 

 to control the coddling moth. 



\\ c tried making our own concentrated Lime- Sulphur, but 

 cussed it and quit. A\'e had — the picnic of our lives. Your Prof. 

 Stewart told us all about it at one of our meetings, how nice and 

 easy it was to do. He told us how to cook it. We tried it in 

 the basement of the creamerv. It fumigated the creamery all 

 right. Just about the time we had it all nicely cooked, for some 

 reason it would boil over, and half of the contents of the barrel 

 would be on the floor and sailing down the sewer before we could 

 catch it. Someone has to boil it. I am willing to let the other 

 fellow do it. 



Member. W'ha.t kind of a sprayer do you use? 



Mr. Frazer. A Deyo engine and Goulds pump. When w^e 

 spray for leaf-curl on peaches, which must be done when the land 

 is quite soft, too soft to take our big rig on the land, we have a 

 small one which consists of a Gould's pump and a couple of bar- 

 rels in the box of the wagon. In the case of the currants we find 

 we have to use a hand pump on some narrow vis such as a stone- 

 boat in order to drive in among them. intend to make a little 

 narrow wagon for this purpose. 



Member. Do you plant when the land is wet? 



Mr. Frazer. Yes. We have planted when we had to bail the 

 water out of the holes. In some cases we filled in the soil and left 

 the tree and the trees are doing all right. 



Member. Do vou plow the land or do you plant in sod? 



Mr. Frazer. We tried to plow all the land before planting, 

 but some places we planted in the sod and plowed after. We had 

 20,000 trees to plant the first vear and could not get anything to- 

 gether until the first of April. 



Member. How do vou handle your peaches? 



Mr. Frazer. We have tried to not plow our peaches. We 

 have worked down the weeds and cover crop by running a disk 

 harrow over the land in four directions ; this chops them up. 

 Later we follow with the Planet Junior Orchard Tool. Xo. 41 or 

 42, putting on the narrow teeth, afterwards we put on the wide 

 teeth. In this wav we work up the surface soil, alternating some- 

 times between the disk and the cultivator and sorine tooth harrow. 

 We varv the tool accordino- to the soil and its condition. As I 

 have said before some of our land must be underdrained so that 

 we can go on it earlv in the season. In regard to varieties I do 



