30 



means that you must give them accurate care when the yellows 

 shows up. It is improperly named. The first conditions do not 

 show up in any form of a yellow tint, it shows up in the premature 

 ripening of the fruit. It may show up on one limb. If it ripens 

 its fruit in that way, take your knife and cut across the cheek 

 and if you see a streaking of red across the peach, taste that peach 

 and you will think it is the worst peach you ever tasted. And if 

 you do find such things, then look at the root. If you do not find 

 borers there, then examine the bark and see if there are any bark 

 beetles feeding on the bark, if it is not so infested, do away with 

 it. The best thing you can do is to cut that tree out and burn it, 

 even though it has a nice crop of peaches on it. I will just tell 

 you what two men I know of have done. There used to be quite 

 a peach section in Columbiana County, O. It was noted for 

 peaches. The yellows entered there and the advice that some of the 

 experienced fruit people in counties further east gave was that 

 whenever you see such signs, cut out the trees and burn them. 

 That was two years ago. One man has followed the practice of 

 cutting out every tree that showed any signs of yellows, and the 

 following year, after he had taken out the stump and hauled in 

 some fresh ground, he planted another peach tree, and at the 

 present time that orchard looks as good as any peach orchard that 

 you will see. 



On one side of the fence is a perfectly healthy, normal peach 

 orchard. On the other side of the fence is an orchard almost 

 ruined with the yellows. The only way you can account for it 

 is that the one man has cut out the trees as the yellows appeared, 

 taking out the stump and planting another tree, and the other man 

 neglected it. 



R. A. Wickersham. Is there any certainty that the cutting 

 out does any good ? 



Prof. Fagan. There is absolutely no certainty at all, but cut- 

 ting out will check the disease. 



Question. How about crimson clover as a cover crop? 



Prof. Fagan. Crimson clover lends a good deal of nitrogen 

 and I see no objection to using it. Here in Pennsylvania it might 

 add too much nitrogen for you. 



R. M. Eldon. How about early Spring cultivation? Could 

 that clover be destroyed without plowing it ? 



Prof. Fagan. Crimson clover would be pretty hard to destroy 

 without plowing. You might destroy it by plowing it with a heavy 

 disc. 



Question. Do you think producing too much nitrogen in the 

 soil would be apt to produce yellows? 



Prof. Fagan. You can unbalance a tree just as readily with 

 plant food as you can unbalance a steer in the feeding proposition, 

 and you might get too much nitrogen. I do not think so, however. 



