62 



upward growth has then ceased, the growth 

 in diameter, and the downward growth, 

 that is, the elongation of the roots, is in 

 the fullest tide. 



From observation of the growth of 

 the root in potted plants, and also of the. 

 seedlings of trees grown in water (one of 

 w^hichl have in its seventh year's growth), 

 I am satisfied that the great downward 

 growth of the root takes place imme- 

 diately after the great upward growth of 

 the head ; that is, at the end of summer, 

 during the autumn, and in early winter ; 

 and that the wounds of the roots of trees, 

 transplanted immediately after they have 

 made their upward shoot, heal or cicatrize, 

 or, as the gardeners say, callous over imme- 

 diately. These callouses are a prolific 

 source of new shoots for the root, which 

 besides, from having been shortened, makes 

 a profusion of lateral shoots that same 

 season. These shoots become woody, and 



