13 



on the chain itself. Do the same with the 

 four remaining chains. So that when the 

 windlass is worked these five vertical 

 chains, being at equal distances from each 

 other, shall bear an equal distress from the 

 weight of the ball. Fasten the horizontal 

 chain, by hooking it to any convenient 

 part of the vertical chains. Raise the ball 

 of earth with the windlass, and place the 

 ring of the windlass rope on the hook 

 attached to the axle. The ball of earth 

 carried thus is pressed together by the 

 chains acting towards one another, and 

 the greater the weight the greater the 

 inward pressure. A ball of earth resting 

 on a sledge or truck soon shakes to pieces 

 on the least movement, besides the diffi- 

 culty and mischief done in lifting it on 

 and off* the truck. 



The tree is lowered into the pit pre- 

 pared for it with the same facility as it 

 is raised. If it does not stand upright 

 it is easily raised by the windlass, while 



