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in a semicircular form on the top and 

 sides of the scar, till the growth from one 

 side meets the growth from the other 

 side at the lower part of the scar ; the 

 growth then proceeds towards the centre 

 of the circle ; and as the new annual 

 growth both of wood and bark is depo- 

 sited on the top as well as the sides of 

 this circular wave of growth, it keeps pace 

 with the level of the annually increasing 

 diameter of the tree, and when the ring 

 closes in the centre no indentation is left ; 

 and each succeeding year the new annual 

 ring of wood and of bark is deposited over 

 where the branch was, with as much regu- 

 larity as on any other part of the stem. 

 The end of the branch will die, and dry 

 to about the thickness of paper ; and a 

 very slight and inconsiderable flaw will 

 remain in the timber, where the living 

 wood is deposited on this dead surface 

 The healing takes place in like manner 

 over a dead branch which is cut off. But 



