CHAPTER II 



PREPARING FOR WINTER AND DETERMINING 

 INJURY FROM COLD WEATHER 



As the grower works with the fruit plantation during the 

 summer, he is making note of things that should be done 

 before winter comes. 



Operations: 



1. List trees to be replaced. 



2. Provide soil drainage. 



3. Control mice. 



4. Protect trees from mice and rabbits. 



5. Determine injury from cold weather. 



1. List Trees to Be Replaced. Trees die from various 

 causes and must be replaced, or they may be so weak as to 

 make replanting advisable. It is a good practice for the 

 grower to look for such trees as he goes through the orchard 

 during the summer. If he waits until the leaves are off, he 

 may fail to detect them. He should make a record of the 

 varieties and the number of each that must be replaced and 

 order them in the fall, even though delivery may not be de- 

 sired until spring. Growers sometimes become careless with 

 regard to filling vacant spaces with trees. Since the land is 

 devoted to the fruit enterprise and since orchard operations 

 must go on even though some trees are missing, it is poor 

 business to have only a partial stand of trees. 



2. Provide Soil Drainage. Some young trees may stand 

 in depressions that are settling points for surface water. If 

 left thus through the cold period, they may suffer from killing 

 of the roots or trunk near the base of the tree. The depression 



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