198 



ESTABLISHING THE ORCHARD 



A southern extension of the area reaches into the mountain sections 

 of North Carohna, north Georgia, and northeastern Alabama. The 

 Piedmont section, so called, is along the eastern slope of the Blue Ridge 

 Mountains in Virginia and is mountainous in character. 



8. Southern Illinois and Indiana. 



9. Ozark region of southwestern Missouri, eastern Oklahoma, and 

 northwestern Arkansas. There is also a small commercial section in 

 northwestern Missouri. 



10. Northwest, including areas in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, western 

 Montana, and British Columbia. This territory- produces more than 80 

 per cent of all box apples grown in the United States and Canada at the 

 present time. Well-known sections are the Okanogan of British Colum- 

 bia, the Wenatchee and Yakima Valleys of Washington, and the Hood 

 River and Rogue River Vallej's of Oregon. Chemes, primes, and pears 

 are grown extensively in some areas, in addition to apples. 



11. California in the Watsonville district, chiefly in Santa Cruz and 

 IMonterey Counties and in the Sebastopol area in Sonoma Count3^ 

 There is also a commercial development at Yucaipa in San Bernardino 

 County. Conditions and varieties in these districts vaiy greatly. The 

 box is the market package. 



12. Mountain States including limited areas in Colorado, Utah, and 

 New Mexico. The box is used for packing. 



13. Canada, in addition to the area in British Columbia included in 

 the Pacific Northwest territoiy, has important sections in the Annapolis 

 and other valleys of Nova Scotia and in the Province of Ontario along 

 the Great Lakes. Other sections occur in the Provinces of New Bmns- 

 wick and Quebec. 



The varieties of apples listed are the major commercial varieties in 

 the sections named, at the present time, or show promise of becoming so. 

 In selecting a planting list, check the varieties against local experience 

 and the recommendations of the local experiment station. Other 

 varieties may be worthy of consideration, but may not as yet have 

 definitely established their qualifications from the commercial standpoint. 



The fact that certain varieties are dominant in commercial sections 

 at the present time is not conclusive evidence that they will remain so. 

 Inspection of varieties in non-bearing orchards and in those being 

 planted will indicate the trend. In general, the movement is toward 

 higher quality as exemplified by the Mcintosh and Delicious t^T^es in 

 their respective regions. Red sports or strains of some varieties as 

 Red Rome and Gallia Beauty, Starking, Red Duchess (Oldenburg), and 

 Red Gravenstein are available and may be preferable to the older forms 

 of these varieties. Several introductions of summer apples by the 



