300 



CONTROLLING INSECTS AND DISEASES 



The same suggestions relative to lime and lignin-pitch as those men- 

 tioned under the delayed-dormant spray are followed. 



If red bugs are not present, nicotine sulfate should be omitted. 



It is advisable to increase the lead arsenate and lime to 6 pounds 

 each if leaf -roller is a serious problem. 



If wet weather prevails during bloom and if scab control is doubtful, 

 or if scab spots are present on the leaves, lime-sulfur is preferred. With 

 dry weather during bloom and no scab present, wettable sulfurs may be 

 used to reduce the danger of spray injury. 



The calyx spray is applied chiefly to control apple scab and to 

 poison the codling-moth larvae which later enter the blossom end of 

 the fruit. 



In orchards where the plum curculio is a problem, this application also 

 affords early protection against this pest. 



If dust is used a 90-10 sulfur-lead-arsenate mixture is indicated. 

 If conditions are favorable for a heavy infection of scab, the grower 

 should spray as much as possible, using dust as a supplementary 

 measure. If red bugs are to be controlled, a separate application of a 

 2-percent nicotine-lime dust is indicated. 



Curculio Spray (seven to ten days after the calyx spray) 



Lime-sulfur 2 gallons 



The same suggestions relative to lime and lignin-pitch as those men- 

 tioned under the delayed-dormant spray are followed. 



This spray is timed primarily for the control of the plum curculio, 

 but it is also very important for the control of apple scab. Protection 

 will also be afforded against rose leaf-beetle or rose chafer in orchards 

 where these pests are a problem. The same considerations exist as in 

 the calyx application with respect to the substitution of wettable sulfurs 

 for liquid lime-sulfur in this application. 



If dust is used, a 90-10 sulfur-lead-arsenate mixture is indicated. 



Summer Sprays. The purpose of the summer sprays is to control 

 codling moth, apple maggot, and apple scab. 



It is the usual practice to include a fungicide in all the summer 

 sprays for scab control. If a lime-sulfur schedule has been used 

 through the primary infection and practically all early infections have 

 been prevented, it is advisable to use one of the wettable sulfurs as a 

 fungicide in the summer applications to reduce the danger of injury to 

 foliage and fruit. In seasons when scab is not a problem, the fungi- 

 cide may be omitted from some of the summer sprays during or pre- 



Lead arsenate 

 Water to make 



3 pounds 

 100 gallons 



