TRAINING THE VINES 



513 



Select, therefore, the fourth spring, a single cane each way 

 from the trunk, on each 

 wire, making four canes in 

 all (Fig. 207) . Leave canes 

 at the top wire at the 

 ''head'' of the vine longer 

 than on the lower wire be- 

 cause growth is more active 

 at the upper extremity. 

 Canes of medium length for 

 the vine being pruned and 

 those above the average 

 in diameter, but not the 

 largest or overgrown, with 

 buds well spaced, are pref- 

 erable. For the Concord, 

 medium-length canes of 

 pencil size, or about % inch 

 in diameter and with not 

 less than 6 inches between 

 the fifth and sixth buds, 

 have thus far given very good results in experimental trials 



{N. J. Exp. Sta.) 



Fig. 206. A grape shoot that has 

 pushed out from the bud in the 

 spring. The blossoms are at a. 



(Md. Exp. Sta.) 



Fig. 207. (a) A bearing vine pruned and trained according to the single 

 trunk, four-arm Kniffin system. (6) The same vine before pruning. 



These specifications would, of course, vary with the vigor of the 

 variety. 



