4 



PRACTICAL PART 



PT. I, 



across the axle, the planks are to rest when carried on 

 the machine. A box or thill on the shafts to carry 

 four blocks for the wheels, spades, pickaxes, &c. A 

 South American surcingle, and three or four 

 rope traces with a hook at each end. A strong 

 rope to be attached by one end to the axle. 

 At the other end a strong iron ring to receive 



Othe chains which encircle the ball of earth, 

 and to be attached to the hook and ring on 

 the axle, when the weight is raised. 



Possibly the dimensions here given might be in^ 

 creased with advantage. 



* The draught axle ' or timber wheels should, like 

 this machine, have straight arms to the axle. If the 

 arms are bent, the lower parts of the wheels stand 

 nearer together than the upper parts. But when the 

 shafts are raised to take up the load, the lower parts 

 of the wheels are wrenched from one another ; and 

 when the shafts are hauled down to raise the load, the 

 lower parts of the wheels are again wrenched together. 

 Tliis, with heavy loads and rough deep ground, re- 

 quires force which no machinery will stand long. 



The only argument which I know in favour of 

 bent arms to axles is one which I never heard men- 

 tioned or saw stated : it prevents wabbling. It indeed 

 creates friction between the boxes and the ends of the 

 axles, since the wheel inclines to run up the arm 

 which is bent down. But this is not so bad as the 

 friction and wear and tear caused by v/abbling. With 



