- 65 - 



demissum, H. Carolinianuin, H. Marylandicuni and eleven other exotic 

 species. But he recognized a second group of species in this section having 

 quadrate alar cells of which H. acuminatum^ was the first species named. 

 Schimper characterized Rapkidosteghwi, as distinguished by the glossy- 

 leaves, vesicular alar cells, exannulate and long-beaked capsule, and lam- 

 ellate inner face of the teeth. He named H. demissum, H. flavesceiis Sull. 



H. Rugelia7ium Sch. m. s. H. loxense and Leskea caespitosa Hedw. Of 

 these H. flavescens and H. Kegelianinii are manuscript names which have 

 proved to be synonyms. 



On comparing the literature it will be found that there is great diversit)?- 

 of usage in the various European standard works. Jaeger and Sauerbeck in 

 the Adumbratio recognized 134 species of Rhaphidostegiuvi and 53 of 

 Sematophylluin, but the type species of the latter were included in the 

 former, as well as many species subsequently referred to Sematophyllum by 

 Mitten in his Musci Austro-Americani. In Paris' Index there are 264 species 

 of Rhaphidostegium and 92 of Sematophyllum with the types of the latter in 

 the former, and including 24 species of Pungentella C. M. Carl Miiller, up 

 to the time that he died, continued to use the names Aptychus and Pungen- 

 tella as synonymous to the usual use of Rhaphidostegium and Sematophyl- 

 lum. It will also be found that Miiller recognized H. deinissum as a 

 European species only, and named its American equivalent//. Carolinianum. 

 Limpricht in his Laubmoose figured the stomata of H. demissum as com- 

 posed of four cells. I have found those of American specimens invariably 

 normal, with two guard cells, and the inner face of the teeth much more 

 deeply lamellate. Therefore 1 have adopted Miiller's opinion of 185 1, and also 

 agree with him in considering his H. Marylandicum distinct in the longer 

 pedicel, stouter plants and leaf differences. The synonymy of our species is 

 as follows : 



I. Sematophyllum adnatum (Michx.). 



Leskea adnata Michx. Flor. Bor. Am. 2: 311. 1803. Schwaegr. Supp. /. 

 84. 1816. 



Hypnum mijtimiim Beauv. Prod, d Aetheog. 66. 1805. 



Leskea caespitosa var. adunca Hpe. Linn. 13: 47. 1839. 



Leskea 7nicrocarpa Brid. Mant. Muse, 144. 1819, Br. Univ. 2: 289. 1827. 



Hyp7iui7i microcarpum CM. Syn. Muse. 2: 326, 1851. Sull. Icon. 175, t. 



no. 1864. 



Raphidostegium microcarpU7n Jaeg. & Sauerb. Adumb. 396. 1877-78. 

 Raphidostegiu77i adnatu77i Br, & Sch., Sull. & Lesq. Musci bor. Am. 

 299. 1856. 



2. Sematophyllum recurvans (Michx.). 



Leskea recurva7is Michx. Fl. bor. Am. 2: 311. 1803? 

 Leskea squarrosa Michx. Fl. bor. Am. 2: 312. 1803? 

 Leskea arcuata Brid. Spec. Muse. Supp. 2, 64. 1812? 



Hypnu77t recurva7is ^ch.v<^SLegY. Suppl. 1 : 2, 289. 1816. 2: i, 163, /. 146. 1824. 

 Raphidostegiw7n recurvans Br. & Sch., Sull. & Lesq. Musci bor. Am. 

 301. 1856. Jaeg. & Sauerb. Adumb. 400. 1877. 



