The derivations of brood-bodies from paraphyses is mentioned by Cor- 

 rens (Vermehrung der Laubmoose, p. 419, 1890,) who succeeded in obtain- 

 ing pro tonema from isolated paraphyses of male flowers of Funaria: " As is 

 known, these are club shaped and end in a large globose cell rich in 

 chlorophyl. This is frequently divided longtitudinally or transversely. 

 I expected to obtain protonema directly from these cells but was disap- 

 pointed; it always sprang from cells lower down." His conclusion is (1. c, 

 p. 360) : "I believe that the derivation of brood-bodies from paraphyses is 

 ■correct if they have in general up to the present time been traced to organs 

 occurring in the male flowers." 



These protonema-like paraphyses point to another means by which 

 Bryuni roseum may perhaps be propagated. It has a ready mode of multi- 

 plying by its abundant stolons and is also proliferous (Synop. Muse. Frond, 

 1: 247, 1849,) " Planta e perigonio saepe prolifera." (Dixon and Jameson, 

 Handbook Brit. Mosses, p. 341): "The stems are frequently continued 

 beyond one rosette, subsequently forming another and innovations are pro- 

 duced below the flowers." The statement is often made by authors that it 

 rarely fruits, probably more rarely in Europe than in America. This is so 

 much the case in Great Britain that Dixon and Jameson call special atten- 

 tion to it (1. c,, p. 341) : " The fruit is exceedingly rare and has only been 

 found in three or four British localities." With an experience of more than 

 thirty years, during which the moss has frequently been observed or col- 

 lected, I have found it fruiting but twice, at Miller, Indiana, 1878, and the 

 same year at Boyne Falls, Michigan. 



These branched paraphyses are from 1-2 mm. long (mostly 1.4-1.7 mm.) 

 and are generally provided with a single branch, sometimes two. As 

 shown in the ilmstration, Fig. i, the branches originate from the end of a 



cell as one frequently sees in 

 fresh-water Algse, but are so 

 oriented that it is hard to tell 

 whether from one above or below, 

 being contiguous to both at the 

 junction. I saw no exception to 

 this. 



After the drawing was made 

 one was noted with three 

 branches. The first was nearly 

 basal and consisted of four cells : 

 the second started two cells above 

 this and had two cells ; the third, 

 three cells above the second and 

 was a single cell. The para- 

 physis continued ten cells above 

 the last. 



I am indebted to Mrs, Agnes 

 Chase for the accurate drawing 

 of the paraphyses and archegon- 

 ium. Chicago, 111., June, 1903. 



Fig. I. Bryum roseum. 

 Archeg07iia, i mm. X 50 diam, 

 Paraphyses, 1-2 mm. X 50 diam. 



