16 



Indiana University Studies 



same family; and tho there has not as yet been discovered a 

 definite cause for this malformation, yet it has been noticed 

 that cases are apt to occur in families where physical de- 

 generacy is an outstanding characteristic. 



14. Lordosis. Lordosis is a condition of round hollow 

 back. 



15. Torticollis. Torticollis, more popularly known as 

 "wry neck", is either a congenital condition or acquired from 

 contraction ol the sterno-mastoid muscle. Surgical treat- 

 ment and braces are both used for correction. 



In summing up the causes of deformity in children, dis- 

 ease is responsible for more than half. Taking statistics from 

 two different localities, this statement is proved true. At the 

 Massachusetts Hospital School for the care of Crippled Chil- 

 dren, during the year 1917, ''77 per cent of the cases received 

 were suffering from the effects of surgical tuberculosis and in- 

 fantile paralysis".^*' ''In Cleveland, the survey of cripples in 

 1915-1916 showed that out of 936 cases of crippled children 

 under fifteen years of age, 72 per cent were cases suffering 

 from the effects of diseases. "^^ Likewise the statistics de- 

 duced from this survey of 150 crippled children prove the 

 same results, as 54 per cent of the cases have definite diag- 

 noses attributing the cause of deformity to disease, while 

 many others in addition were doubtless due to disease in the 

 original form of the disability. The following table gives the 

 classification of the 150 cases here studied into the 14 differ- 

 ent diagnoses of various conditions : 









PER CENT 



1. 





43 



28.66 





A. Tuberculosis of hip 



, 23 



15.33 





B. Tuberculosis of spine 



10 



6.66 





C. Tuberculosis of knee 



5 



3.33 





D. Double hip joint disease 



3 



2.00 







1 



.66 





F. Tuberculosis of foot 



1 



.66 



2. 



Clubfeet 



26 



17.33 



3. 





18 



12 



4. 





11 



7 



5. 





11 



7 



6. 









8 





A. Cleft palate and harelip 



5 j 



" Massachusetts Hospital School, Report of 1917, p. 20. 



" Cleveland Survey — Education and Occupation of Cripples — Juvenile and Adult, 1917, 

 p. 38. 



