8 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page, 



Plate XIX. Map of distribution of Barren Ground caribou {Rangifer arc- 



ticus) - 138 



XX. Map of distribution of Parry marmot {Citellus parr yi) and re- 

 lated forms 162 



XXL Fig. 1. — Snare set for rabbit {Lepus americanus). Fig. 2. — 



Eabbit in snare. Fig. 3. — White spruce denuded by rabbits. . 200 

 XXII. Fig. 1. — Lynx {Lynx canadensis) in snare. Fig. 2. — Snare set 



for lynx 210 



XXIII. Fig. 1. — Nest and eggs Arctic great horned owl {Bubo v. sub- 



arcticus). Fig. 2. — Nests of cliff swallow {Fetrochelidon 



lunifrons) 372 



XXIV. Fig. 1. — White spruce near Leith Point. Fig 2. — Dwarfed 



trees, upper slopes Mount Tha-on^-tha 518 



XXV. Fig. 1. — Mat of Dryas integrifoUa. Fig. 2. — Wild roses {Rosa 



acicularis ) 528 



TEXT FIGURES. 



Fig, 1. Athabaska River near La Biche River ........ 17 



2. A brule or fire-swept forest, Athabaska River 18 



3. Valley of stream filled with ice 42 



4. Fort Anderson, Anderson River. (From sketch by Petitot) 72 



5. Bowlder-paved shore, Athabaska River 89 



6. Roche Trempe-l'eau, or Rock by the Riverside 104 



7. Bear Rock, at mouth of Bear River 105 



8. Entrance to Ramparts, Mackenzie River 106 



9. Lower end of Ramparts, Mackenzie River 107 



10. Map of former distribution of elk ( Cervus canadensis) 129 



11. Map of distribution of moose {Alces americanus) 131 



12. Map of former distribution of bison {Bison bison and B. b. athabascae) . 144 



13. Map of distribution of musk-ox ( Ovibos moschatus) 151 



14. Scales of cones collected by red squirrel {Sciurus hudsonicus) 171 



15. Nesting pond of red-throated loon ( (zawm .'(feZ/ato) 258 



16. Creeping juniper {Juniperus sabina) 519 



