38 MUSSELS OF CUMBERLAND EIVER AND TEIBUTAEIES. 



monkey-faces. A mile below Canton^ Ky., there is another bed in 

 12 to 15 feet of water which had been worked previously as was 

 evidenced by an old shell pile, in which a single valve of L. falla- 

 dosa was found. In the hauls here taken by our party were obtained, 

 May 23, four gravid niggerheads and five pigtoes. 



The bed at Eddyville, Ky., examined May 18, was on a gravel 

 bottom covered with 15 feet of water, with a current of about 2 

 miles an hour. This bed had been worked more or less for four 

 years, but was difficult and unsatisfactory on account of numerous 

 "hang-ups." 



Just above the Ferry at Kuttawa, Ky., there was a large mussel 

 bed on a bottom of sand and gravel, covered with 8 or 10 feet of 

 water, with a swift current. Eighteen hauls were made with the 

 following results: 



Hauls at Kuttawa, Ky. 



Number of 



hauls 



Duration, 

 minutes 



Length in feet 



Lampsilis fallaclosa. 



1 



2 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



11 o 



12 6 



13 a 



14c 



15 



16 



17 



18 



To- 

 tal. 



3 



3 



6 1 4 



4 



4 



4 



3 



4 



6 



5 



2 



4 



5 



5 



2 



6 



5 



100 



200 



100 100 



100 



30 jlOO 



50 



50 



100 



100 



30 



60 40 



100 



30 



100 



100 







2 

































2 

 2 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 34 

 88 

 48 

 4 

 10 

 2 

 13 

 1 

 1 



16 

 1 



orbi ulata 

 ovata .... 









1 











1 





























1 









































1 



















































1 



















1 





















Qnadrula heros 





6 

 8 

 2 



5 

 4 



3 

 3 

 7 

 1 

 1 

 1 



6 

 18 

 11 



1 



7 

 1 

 3 









1 









4 



"9' 

 7 

 1 



1 

 12 

 8 

 1 



ebena , . 



1 





2(5 

 2 

 1 

 2 









6 



obliqua . . 





8 











fra?;osa . . 

















metanevra 

 pustulosa 

 perplicata 









2 



1 



3 



1 



































1 



8 













1 







4 































1 

















tritogonia 















1 



3 























Unio erassidens 







1 



4 



1 





1 





1 















2 



3 



Plagiola seeuris 





1 















Total 





































1 



17 



12 



20 



39 



3 



17 



14 



4 



34 



0 



1 



0 



0 



6 



4 



29 



25 



226 



• No mussels, due to shifting sand. b Water 50 feet deep. c No mussels. 



Of the gravid mussels obtained in these hauls the elephant-ear ( U. 

 erassidens) had the entire outer gills padhke, striate, and white. 

 Lampsilis orbiculata has a marsupium that is black-edged, while the 

 mantle is striated brown and black like that of L. ventricosa. The 

 pigtoes {Q. obliqua) were just beginning to become gravid (May 13), 

 with minute white spawn along the crenate edge of the outer gills. 

 In Lampsilis gracilis the posterior half of the outer gills had much 

 the appearance of a lima bean, in which the congiutinates were some- 

 what separated, with no black edge and no furrows. 



CHARACTER OF WATER OF THE CUMBERLAND RIVER. 



In the coal regions of the upper Cumberland River the water is 

 generally clear and of an acid nature. The acidity is well shown by 

 the limy parts of the dead shells being greatly dissolved away and in 



