92 



NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 73 



Table 3. Mean number of woodpeckers, flycatchers, and swallows recorded 

 on western Wisconsin Breeding Bird Survey transects, 1966-78. 



Western 



Upland Central Plain Northern Highland 

 Species group Hudson Dresser Loraine Union Minong 



Woodpeckers 



Common flicker 



7.1 



5.8 



7.6 



1.9 



3.2 



Pileated woodpecker 



0.0 



0.3 



1.4 



0.8 



0.5 



Red-bellied woodpecker 



0.0 



0.6 



1.1 



0.0 



0.0 



Red-headed woodpecker 



3.4 



3.5 



3.8 



0.5 



0.0 



T^pllo\A7-r*f*ili<^H GQncnplroT 



D 0 

 yj.yj 



0 D 



1 4 





1 1 

 1 . i 



Hairy woodpecker 



1.2 



0.6 



1.8 



1.2 



1.0 



Downy woodpecker 



1.2 



0.9 



3.3 



1.8 



1.8 



lycatchers 













Eastern kingbird 



5.0 



4.9 



5.1 



4.7 



5.0 



Great crested flycatcher 



6.4 



7.2 



13.1 



19.9 



11.0 



Eastern phoebe 



1.2 



0.8 



2.4 



2.0 



2.8 



Yellow-belKed flycatcher 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.1 



Willow flycatcher 



<0.1 



0.0 



0.4 



0.0 



0.0 



Alder flycatcher 



0.0 



0.4 



1.2 



0.0 



4.8 



Least flycatcher 



<0.1 



0.7 



5.4 



6.0 



12.7 



Eastern wood pewee 



1.9 



2.0 



6.1 



15.4 



8.5 



wallows 













Tree swallow 



2.4 



4.5 



8.4 



4.7 



13.0 



Bank swallow 



13.8 



3.9 



6.7 



0.0 



0.0 



Rough-winged swallow 



2.7 



3.4 



3.3 



0.0 



0.1 



Barn swallow 



17.3 



18.5 



18.2 



1.2 



3.4 



Cliff swallow 



3.4 



4.8 



11.5 



0.0 



8.1 



Purple martin 



4.7 



25.3 



11.5 



3.2 



6.0 



Migration: Common to locally abundant migrant throughout the Valley. 

 Noticeable spring movements are observed by 15-25 March. Spring mi- 

 grants usually travel in small scattered groups; consequently, few large 

 concentrations are observed. Fall migration begins in late August with dis- 

 persal of young from the nesting areas. Peak fall migration occurs 15 Sep- 

 tember to 10 October and most depart by 1 November. During peak move- 

 ments in fall migration, groups of 40-50 individuals are common, with 

 groups totaling 100 occasionally observed. 



Nesting Season Distribution: Breeding Bird Survey data show that the 

 common flicker is the most common and well-distributed breeding wood- 

 pecker in the Valley (Table 3). Goddard (1972) found the common fUcker the 

 most abundant breeding woodpecker in the Kinnickinnic River Valley, 

 Pierce County. Nesting has been observed in all counties in the Valley. 



Winter: Common fUckers are rare and local winter residents in the Western 

 Upland and rare or absent in other regions (Table 4). Wintering individuals 

 are occasionally recorded as far north as Burnett and Pine counties. 



