116 



NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 73 



Hollister 1951). I found one along the Kinnickinnic River, Pierce County, on 

 26 April 1977. S. D. Robbins found one near Roberts, St. Croix County, on 

 3 May 1965 (Faanes and Goddard 1976). Olyphant (1972) caught and banded 

 a CaroUna wren in Washington County on 26 October 1971. This bird 

 remained in the area through at least 4 January 1972. 



Winter: One Carolina wren was reported on the Afton CBC in Washington 

 County on 1 January 1974 (Eckert 1974). W. Gantenbein observed single 

 Carolina wrens at Osceola, Polk County, during December 1965 to 

 13 January 1966 (Hilsenhoff 1966), and December 1966 to 14 January 1967. 



Nesting Season Distribution: Green and Janssen (1975) reported that Caro- 

 lina wrens have nested in Washington County. In 1938, two Carolina wrens 

 were observed at St. Croix Falls by S. Owen from 15 April to 4 September. 

 During the summer of 1938, several unsuccessful nest searches were made, 

 but on 2 and 3 July the adults were seen with four fully grown young. 



Habitat: Primarily a species of Lowland Deciduous Forest and adjacent 

 edge habitats. 



Long-billed Marsh Wren {Cistothorus palustris) 

 Status: Regular migrant and nesting species. 



Migration: Fairly common migrant in the Western Upland and Central 

 Plain, uncommon to rare and local in the Northern Highland. Spring 

 migrants arrive in the Western Upland 25-30 April and the Northern High- 

 land 1-5 May. Peak abundance during spring migration occurs 10-20 May. 

 Fall migration begins in late August. Peak abundance in the Western Up- 

 land occurs 5-15 September and departure by 15 October. 



Nesting Season Distribution: Uncommon and local nesting species in the 

 Western Upland and Central Plain, rare and local in the Northern Highland. 

 Evidence of nesting has been obtained in Burnett, Chisago, Polk, St. Croix, 

 and Washington counties. 



Habitat: A characteristic nesting species of seasonally, semipermanently, 

 and permanently flooded wetlands. Principal vegetation associated with 

 long-billed marsh wren nesting habitat includes cattail, hardstem bulrush, 

 river bulrush, burreed, and phragmites. This species nests in reduced 

 numbers along the edges of more acidic northern Forest Bordered Wetlands 

 and in emergent vegetation along rivers. 



Short-billed Marsh Wren [Cistothorus platensis) 

 Status: Regular migrant and nesting species. 



Migration: Common migrant in the Western Upland and Central Plain, un- 

 common and local in the Northern Highland. Spring migrants arrive in the 

 Western Upland 25-30 April and the Northern Highland 1-5 May. Peak 

 spring migration through the Valley occurs 15 May to 5 June. Fall migra- 

 tion begins during early August with a gradual exodus from nesting areas. 



