8 



NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 74 



Fig. 4. Walruses sighted in January. Solid symbols indicate locations and relative numbers 

 of animals sighted, in relation to the average position of the edge of the pack ice. 

 Crosshatched area is open, ice-free sea. Question marks show areas that have not been 

 surveyed in this month. 



nikov (1975), Heptner et al. (1976), and Estes and Gilbert (1978). Most of the 

 unpublished data are from aerial surveys conducted by H. W. Braham, J. J. 

 Burns, G. A. Fedoseev, K. J. Frost, V. N. Gol'tsev, K. W. Kenyon, J. G. King, 

 and G. C. Ray in 1960 to 1979, and from my own field notes from 1952 to 1979. 

 Complementary information on attendant ice, weather, and oceanographic 

 conditions was derived principally from publications by the U.S. Navy (1946, 

 1956, 1958), Webster (1954), Schule and Wittman (1958), Zenkevich (1963), 

 Hood and Kelley (1974), Shapiro and Burns (1975a, 1975^?), Muench and Ahlnas 

 (1976), and Brower et al. (1977), as well as from my field observations and 

 interpretations of satellite imagery and those, especially, of J. J. Burns and L. H. 

 Shapiro. 



Monthly Records 



January (Fig. 4) 



During January, more than 90 % of the sea north of Bering Strait is covered by 

 relatively stable, heavy ice. As leads appear, they are rapidly obliterated by new 

 ice and snow. South of the Strait, prevailing northeasterly winds tend to pack the 

 ice tightly against the northern coast of St. Lawrence Island. The same winds 



