78 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 75 



Stumira mordax 

 Talamancan Bat 



Talamancan bats are endemic to the highlands of Costa Rica and adjacent 

 western Panama (Fig. 60). The species is monotypic. 



This is a middle to high elevation bat, found in both tropical and cloud forests. 

 Roosting sites are unknown. They are frugivorous, and Howell and Burch (1974) 

 reported the remains of four species of fruits in stomach contents. The reproduc- 

 tive cycle is polyestrous, probably bimodal based on the little data that are available 

 and the fact that other species of Stumira are bimodally polyestrous (Wilson 1979). 



The type specimen was collected by C. Underwood at El Sauce Peralta, Costa 

 Rica, in 1931. Davis et al. (1964) reported nine more from Cariblanco in Alajuela 

 Province. Armstrong (1969) added a specimen from Finca Las Cruces near San 

 Vito de Java, Puntarenas Province, and Gardner et al. (1970) added numerous 

 specimens from several other localities. LaVal and Fitch (1977) found them at 

 Monteverde. We found them to be common in Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo 

 from 700 to 2,000 m. We caught them in primary forest and along pasture edges. 

 Two females were pregnant in April. Gardner et al. (1970) reported that an adult 

 female they captured on 2 May at Vara Blanca was lactating. We obtained two 

 species of bat flies, both are undescribed species, from S. mordax: Megistopoda 

 sp. (10 males, 5 females) and Trichobius sp. (2 males). 



Specimens examined (16)— 1 km S, 1 1.5 km E of San Miguel, 680 m [2 males, 

 5 females, USNM]; 3.5 km S, 11.5 km E of San Miguel, 1,000 m [1 male, 

 3 females, USNM]; 9 km S, 11.5 km E of San Miguel, 1,520 m [1 male, USNM]; 

 Vara Blanca [2 females, LSUMZ]; 5 km E of Vara Blanca, 2,050 m [1 male, 

 1 female, USNM]. 



Uroderma bilobatum 

 Tent-making Bat 



Tent-making bats are found from Oaxaca and Veracruz, Mexico, to Brazil 

 (Fig. 61). Two subspecies occur in Costa Rica: Uroderma bilobatum molaris on 

 the Caribbean versant and U. b. convexum on the Pacific side. 



This species is found in a wide variety of habitats ranging from primary humid 

 and dry forests to second-growth forest and pasture. As the name implies, roosts 

 are constructed by modifying large leaves to form a tent. The diet is mainly fruit, 

 although pollen, nectar, and insects occasionally are taken. The reproductive pat- 

 tern is one of bimodal polyestry (Wilson 1979). The biology of tent-making bats 

 was summarized by Baker and Clark (1987). 



Mares and Wilson (1971) reported U. bilobatum from a variety of localities 

 in Costa Rica, including La Selva. LaVal and Fitch (1977) captured 17 at La Selva 

 and noted that pregnant females were observed in January and February. 



Specimens examined (17)— Finca La Selva, 3 km S of Puerto Viejo, 70 m 

 [1 male, FMNH; 2 males, LACM; 1 male, 1 female, MSB]; Puerto Viejo, Rio 

 Sarapiqm, 300 ft [2 males, UMMZ]; 7.3 mi SE of Puerto Viejo [1 female, TTU]; 

 8 mi SE of Puerto Viejo [2 males, 7 females, TTU]. 



