48 



WINDFALLS. 



fore be held upon the surface and evaporated. The 

 only prevention, probably, if the soil cannot be drained, 

 is to practice open training of plants. Covering the 

 ground very densely with foliage on such soils is gener- 

 ally regarded as poor practice.] 



The Crawford Apple. — E. F. Babcock gives the fol- 

 lowing account of this variety in Prairie Fanner : 



' ' Crawford originated on the farm of W. P. Crawford, 

 Washington Co., Ark., from seeds brought, I believe, 

 from Tennessee over forty years ago. Mr. Crawford 

 stated that they were a mixed lot of seeds, but all were 

 from good sorts, and from these seedlings he obtained 

 this variety. The tree is a good grower, and from what 

 I saw of it, is a fair bearer. The fruit is of very large 

 size, frequently measuring fifteen inches in circumfer- 

 ence. I kept them in New Orleans at the World's Fair 

 (as I find by my notes) on my tables as late as April 20. 



' 'Color is light golden yellow, with a dull brownish red, 

 with a lighter and brighter red and splashes light crim- 

 son. Stem short, thick, set in a broad, moderately deep 

 basin, covered with russet, which extends in splashes 

 considerably beyond. Calyx broad and deep. Flesh, 

 fine grained for so large an apple. Yellow, fine flavored, 

 sharp and acid." 



History of the Wyoming Red Grape. — R. W. Parr, 

 Ithaca, N. Y., informed me that in 1861 a bundle of 

 grape wood was brought from Waverly, N. Y. , to Ithaca, 

 sent by a friend to be propagated here, who said it was 

 a grape highly prized in Wyoming Valley, where it orig- 

 inated. James Cook, now deceased, bought the wood, 

 and with said Parr commenced propagating, but gave it 

 little attention. In 1868 I moved to Ithaca and set a 

 small vineyard, among other kinds, this new variety. 

 I employed Mr. Parr, and raised a few thousand plants, 

 I sent some to friends in different parts of the state, 

 sold a few to nurserymen in Geneva, and later supplied 

 T. S. Hubbard and Mr. Roesch, of Fredonia, N. Y., 

 with cuttings. I think the first supply for nurseries 

 came from Ithaca. 



Still further and stronger evidence as to the origin of 

 the grape I received from F. L. Perry, whom I met at 

 the Annual Meeting of the Horticultural Society of West- 

 ern New York, in 1881. He then owned or had charge 

 of a nursery in Connecticut, and another at Canandaigua, 

 N. Y. Mr. Perry had specially interested himself in the 

 grape in question. He told me that in some localities 

 it was propagated and sold for the Delaware. While 

 passing from Connecticut to Canadaigua, knowing the 

 grape was grown by a few citizens in Waverly, he stopped 

 off to trace its origin, and followed it from one place to 

 another until he reached the Wyoming Valley in Penn- 

 sylvania, and from there to a high elevation on a moun- 

 tain, sloping to the valley. There he was shown the 

 first vine, a seedling to which all subsequent propaga- 

 tions could be traced. It had no record in grape cata- 

 logues until after supplies were furnished from Ithaca, 

 as I have ever learned. — P. B. Crandall, Ithaca, N. Y. 



Preserving Fruits. — To every gallon of water use two 

 tablespoonsful of powdered sulphur. Lay the sulphur 



on a dish. Place your fruit, water and sulphur in a 

 tightly closed box. Set fire to the sulphur, close the lid 

 of the box, and allow the articles to remain in four or 

 five hours, when they will be sufficiently processedr 

 Then take out your fruit, place it in jars, and cove, 

 with the processed water. 



All articles to be preserved must be sound and free 

 from blemish ; bruised or broken skins would keep, but 

 be water-soaked. Only thick skinned fruits and vege- 

 tables are to be used. Any water-tight vessel, covered 

 sufficiently to exclude dust, may be used. Barrels are 

 advised for green corn, and large sized stone jars, hold- 

 ing several gallons, for tomatoes. Two or three inches 

 of the water must always be over and above the fruit. 

 For use, rinse off the sulphured water and cook, or use 

 as if fresh from garden. — Mrs. K. T. G. 



Thanksgiving Celery. — Various Estimates of the 

 Ainoiiut Shipped. — The amount of celery shipped from 

 Kalamazoo for the Thanksgiving trade is astonishing, 

 even to those who are most familiar with the industry. 

 A correct estimate of the amount shipped is an exceed- 

 ingly difficult fact to secure as the numerous shippers 

 and growers make different statements in regard thereto. 

 Some dealers are willing to make their business appear 

 as large as the facts warrant, while others put a very 

 conservative figure upon their shipments, claiming that 

 to advertise the extent of the industry would encourage 

 outsiders to go into the business. The Telegraph in 

 securing figures from which to compile a grand total of 

 the amount shipped, has been guided by the statements 

 of those who would make estimates approximately cor- 

 rect. 



In five days beginning last Friday and ending to-night, 

 the various express companies have been busy night and 

 day hauling the esculent to the trains. The Adams ex- 

 press Company will probably handle 12 carloads of cel- 

 ery, each car holding about 3,000 bunches, making a 

 total of about 36,000 bunches. The United States ex- 

 press Company will handle about eight cars, which are 

 larger than those used by the Adams, and will hold 

 4,000 each, making 32,000 bunches. The American Ex- 

 press Company and the Michigan Central Railroad Com- 

 pany will ship in the neighborhood of 12 cars each, for 

 the five days, or a total of 78,000 bunches for the two 

 companies. The grand total, or the entire output, fig- 

 ures up to 146,000 bunches, which would fill a train of 

 44 cars, or tons upon tons of the toothsome article. 

 This is considered by several shippers and express com- 

 pany managers, with whom a Telegraph reporter con- 

 versed, a fair and not exaggerated statement. It must 

 be remembered that this celery is shipped to every state 

 in the union, that shipped the longest distances being 

 started on the journey either Friday or Saturday in re- 

 frigerator cars. The celery industry is a great boon to 

 express companies. One manager opened his books to 

 a reporter and showed as cash, from Saturday's business 

 alone, the snug sum of $1,400. This does not include 

 the outside business. — Kalamazoo [Mich.) Telegraph, 

 Nov. 36, i8go. 



