120 



WINDFALLS. 



rantiuiii, Nobilis. This is a dwarf orange having an 

 ultimate growth of about ten feet in height with a di- 

 ameter of twelve or fourteen feet. The leaves are dark 

 green, and noticeably ribbed". Stems axsahsolutely thoDi- 

 less, while Otaheite has thorns equal to a lemon. The 

 fruit is flattened, dark orange in color, seedless, and 

 each section parts readily from the rest of the fruit. 

 The rind being so readily detached, like the Man- 

 darin or Tangierine, gives this class the title of "Kid- 

 Glove" orange The fruit ripens very early — dur- 

 ing September and October here in Florida — and is 

 pleasantly sweet. This is undoubtedly the most hardy, 

 as regards withstanding cold, of any of the edible citrus 

 (oranges"). 



Fruit Failures. — It is estimated that the extent of 

 damage done to the fruit trees and vines in the United 

 States by insects and fungous disease each year will 

 reach four hundred million dollars ; in which event it 

 is time some method was devised to avoid this heavy 

 loss, which is most felt by the growers in years of 

 scarcity. The scarcer the fruit is the more we have to 

 contend with insects. This is no doubt accountable for 

 the very short supply this year to a very great extent. 

 — Win. Staid' s Catalogue, Quiiuy, III. 



New Raspberry, the Kansas. — A few years ago I 

 planted seeds of Souhegan and Shaffer, and the birds 

 planted seeds which grew more than those I set out. 

 From these came one plant, which from its first appear- 

 ance showed such vigor in size and abundance of leaves 

 that I saved it. It has in the few years past been a 

 marvel to every one who has witnessed its growth, its 

 healthy foliage, and its large and delicious berries. Its 

 leaves have never been injured by rust and remain on 

 the bushes until frost removes them. It has stood the 

 last four winters without injury : the tips at times grow 

 in the fall two or three feet, but none are ever injured 

 here. In spring each bud on bearing wood brings out 

 its cluster of fruit, which ripens with the Souhegan, 

 but is as much larger than Gregg as the latter is larger 

 that Souhegan. It is named the "Kansas" because 

 of the place of its origin. — A. II. Gricsa, in Orange 

 Jndd Fafiuei- . 



Fruit Tree Planting in the Willamette Valley, 

 Oregon, has become a "craze." A conservative esti- 

 mate for total plant in the eight Willamette Valley 

 counties is 250,000 trees for orchard fruits ; while the 

 planting of berries and other small fruits is almost 

 beyond estimate for the purpose of these few notes. 

 This unprecedented planting is due to a sudden out- 

 burst of latent horticultural energy. A few wide-awake 

 men made a venture a few years since in the direction 

 of fruit culture ; they cultivated. To-day our people 

 are going wild, apparently, over the results of said 

 venture. Prices have been exceptionally good this 

 year. Markets are growing rapidly. In the item of 

 cherries alone we had call for more than twice as much 

 as we could put upon the market. Some astonishing 

 figures are given from actual experience this season, 

 and good authorities claim they will afford a fair basis 



for calculation for several years to come. From differ- 

 ent growers, more or less special, and in good locations, 

 we take the following figures : strawberries, S700 per 

 acre ; cherries, $450 ; raspberries and blackberries, 

 $500 to $600 ; currants and gooseberries, $250 to $300 ; 

 peas, I500; plums and prunes, $350 to $400 ; apples, 

 $200 to $250 ; peaches $500 to $700. Of course these 

 figures are from one-third to one-half higher than the 

 average grower would get ; but even then an ample 

 margin is left. In the case of prunes, $250 to $400 has 

 this year been an average price for large growers, and 

 some of our best producers have made even more. 

 Remember these results are given from land rated con- 

 siderable under equally good land in the east ; land can 

 be had for $50 and $70 per acre that will with our mod- 

 ern western culture give the above returns, and these 

 without a " liberal " application of commercial or con- 

 centrated fertilizers. Yet, while the enormous plant- 

 ings of this year are truly the result of a "craze," 

 there can be no doubt that it will be in the end a most 

 profitable venture for those who can and will give it 

 their earnest attention. Many will fall by the wayside 

 undoubtedly, for there are persons entering this horti- 

 cultural field who are as unfitted for its work as an 

 Hottentot is for an American pulpit. No fault of the 

 climate and soil will enter into these failures (to be ?). 

 They will only the better enforce upon our growers the 

 necessity of cultivation, a matter entirely neglected in 

 the past by the general grower, and the fact that eter- 

 nal vigilance is the price of competence and success in 

 fruit culture. These two points well learned by our 

 fruit culturists — and the more progressive ones already 

 appreciate their importance — and our horticultural pros- 

 pects will be bright indeed. Even now the clouds have 

 rolled away, and a brighter future dawns upon us. A 

 few years hence and Willamette Valley fruit will be no 

 uncommon article in the fruit marts of the world. — 

 Prof. E. R. Lake. 



Ignotum Tomato in California Again. — The Igno- 

 tum is very fine here. It is solid and a very good shipper- 

 It is a very strong grower. I noticed when setting the 

 plants that the roots of it were a third longer than those of 

 any other kind. I think it is the best tomato yet. — Jas. 

 M. Kirk, .-litlnirn. Cal. 



New Method of Culture for the Potato. — Take a 

 number of boxes about four inches deep and of any 

 convenient size, and fill them to a depth of about two 

 inches with well rotted stable manure. In this place 

 the cut potatoes, eyes up. The distance between each 

 piece should be from one to two inches. Then fill up 

 the boxes with the same kind of material already used, 

 and place them under a glass frame, as in a hot bed. 

 In this manner the plants profit by all the heat of the 

 bed, and they are still in no danger of burning. 

 Although when in this stage of growth potatoes can 

 endure a relatively high temperature, nevertheless air 

 should be given when the thermometer registers 85° F. 

 or more, and the weather permits it. When the young 

 sprouts have reached a height of two or three inches 



