6oo 



FERNS OF THE U' IS CONS IN DELLS. 



' ' See the Osiiiiinda regalis, intcrrtipta and cinnaviomea. 

 The name osmunda originates from the fact that a boat- 

 man, Osmund, saved a king's life by concealing him on 

 an island covered with this fern ; hence the name King 

 Osmund, more commonly known as the royal flower- 

 ing fern. Clayton discovered another osmunda, but 

 the seed was placed near the middle of the frond, which 

 gave it the appearance of a withered center, so it was 

 called interrupia. Later on a still more beautiful spe- 

 cies was found, which throws up its fertile fronds sepa- 

 rately, resembling a stick of cinnamon, and was conse- 

 quently named cinnamomea . The sterile fronds of these 

 two osmundas so closely resemble each other that it is 

 difficult to tell one from the other, and as the fertile 

 fronds perish before the barren or sterile leaves mature, 

 it is only the practiced eye that can tell them. 



"Come with me to the nearest wood. Now what do 

 we find growing with the osmundas ? Two athyriums 

 or lady ferns, beautiful maiden hair [Adianlum pedalinn) 

 and the lastreas, dilatata and spinulosum. The stately 

 botrychium, the ostrich feather {^Struthiopteris geriitani- 

 cunt), the bold eaglewing, Ptcris aquilina, and the downy 

 Asplenium thelyptcroides . On the shadowed rocks are 

 Lastrea marginale, Cystopteris Inilhifera and C. frngilis. 

 The delicate and verdant oak fern, with its sister the 

 beech fern, Polypodiitm Dryopteris and P. phegopteris, 

 and the most delicate of them all, Pcllxa gracilis . Now 

 we come to the more open rocks and find Pellcea atroptir- 

 purea, the little rock brake ; numerous patches of the 

 evergreen Polypodinm viilgare, modest little maiden hair, 

 spleenwort, Asplenitim Trichomanes , the woodsias, an 

 occasional fragrant fern [^d.cistrea fragrans), and you may 

 find the walking cap [Cattiptosorus rhizophyllus). In the 

 marsh below see the Lastrea crisiata and L. Thelypteris, 

 the marsh fern. Onoclea seiisibilis , the sensitive fern, and 

 in the meadow close by may be found the unpretentious 

 little adder's-tongue, Ophioglossiim milgare, and, per- 

 chance, Brotrychiiini Litnaria. 



"To collect ferns from a rockery you will require 

 strong implements. Some of the roots can be taken up 

 with the hand, while others, like the osmundas, require 

 a hachet. Very few farmers will object to your re- 

 moving ferns, as they look upon them as brakes, which 

 Shakespeare says are "hateful to crooked ploughs." I 

 suppose that this originates from the fact that the roots 

 of the common brake, Ptcris aquilina, run through the 

 earth like so many ropes. 



' ' All of these beautiful ferns can be cultivated without 

 much difficulty in any of our numerous ravines and dells, 

 and with the assistance of glass, which might be made 

 invisible by suspending the orchids and air plants — most 

 of the exotic ferns could be introduced, and also the 

 lovely tree ferns." 



The above is from an address by C. H. Chanter be- 



fore a local horticultural society. A boy of 16, Sydney 

 Davis, living with Mr. Chanter, is so greatly interested 

 in wild flowers that he won the first prize (a year's sub- 

 scription to The American Garden) for a bouquet ex- 

 hibited at the summer meeting of the Wisconsin State 

 Horticultural Society, of which we present a picture, 

 and which contained over 60 distinct species. Among 

 the known and named sorts in the bouquet were the fol- 

 lowing list ; 



Lupinus perennis Common Lupin. 



Asclepias tuberosa Pleurisy root. 



Lilium Philadelphicum Scarlet or Orange Lily. 



Sambucus Canadensis Common Elder. 



" pubens Red-berry Elder. 



Campanula rotundifolia Harebell. 



Aquilegia Canadensis Columbine. 



Onithogalum umbellatum Star of Bethlehem. 



Trifolium repens White Clover. 



" pratense . Red Clover. 



Taraxacum dens-leonis Dandelion. 



Oxalis violacea . . Violet Wood-sorrel. 



Anemone Virginiana Common White Anemone. 



Thalictrum Dioicum Early Meadow Rue. 



Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy. 



" Parthenium ... Feverfew. 



Polygalacese Milkwort. 



Geranium maculatum Wild Crane's Bill. 



Phlox divaricata Phlox. 



Zizia aurea intergerrima Zizia. 



Lithospermum Arvense Corn Growwell. 



Chimaphila maculata Spotted Wintergreen. 



Krigia Virginica Dwarf Dandelion. 



Astragalus Plattensis Milk Vetch. 



Lathyrus venosus Everlasting Pea. 



Cypripedium pubescens Large Yellow Ladies' Slipper. 



" acaule Purple Ladies' Slipper. 



Polygonatum giganteum Great Solomon's Seal. 



Cornus Canadensis Bunch Berry. 



Baptisia Leucantha Wild Indigo. 



Euphorbia coroUata Flowering Spurge. 



Asarum Canadensis Wild Ginger. 



Smilacina racemosa Wild Spikenard. 



DRIED JULY-AUGUST FLOWERS, INTER.MIXED. 



Liatris cylindracea Button Snakeroot. 



" scariosa " " 



" punctata Blazing Star. 



Petalostemon violaceum Prairie Clover (rose). 



" candidus " " (white). 



Vernonia Noveboracensis Iron Weed. 



Solidago Ca;sia ] 



" latifolla nj 



y Golden Rod. 

 canadensis 1 



" lanceolata J 



Gentiana quinqueflora Five-Flowered Gentian. 



" Andrewsii Closed Gentian. 



" crinita Fringed Gentian. 



SOME OF THE FERNS IN THE BOUQUET. 



Osmunda regalis, interrupta and cinnamomea. Lastrea spin- 

 ulosa, Alpine, marginale and thelypteris. Asplenium tricho- 

 menes and thelyptheroides. Polypodium vulgare, Dryopteris 

 and phegopteris. Cystopteris fragilis and bulbifera. Pellaea 

 gracilis and atropurpurea. Adiantum pedatum. Pteris aquilina. 

 Camptosorus rhizophyllus (Walking Leaf or Cap). 



