DICTIONARY OF SEASONABLE GARDEN Vl^ORK. 



and ashes, applied now, will help blackberries, and a 

 little more will pay on raspberries. 



Cabbage to be pulled and stored for winter, A good 

 place for them in early winter is a barn floor or 

 loft, or the corner of some available out-building, to 

 be protected during severe weather by a straw or hay 

 covering. Cabbages buried in pits or trenches should 

 not be covered too deep before cold weather. 



Carrots to be gathered, topped and stored same as po- 

 tatoes. 



Celery. — Use the bleached article freely. Home-grow- 

 ers often allow a large part of their crop to spoil. Take 

 up all plants before severe freezing. Store in celery 

 houses, or on the cellar floor. The secret of keeping it 

 after this time is in keeping the tops dry and the roots 

 moist, and frost out. Small quantities may be trimmed 

 and packed in boxes in moist moss. 



Curran/s and Gooseberries to be pruned by thinning the 

 branches, and heading in the straggling ones. Apply 

 good manure freely. 



Cuttings. — Those of currants may be planted at once, 

 leaving only the top bud exposed above ground, and 

 mulched with coarse litter. Grape and gooseberry cut- 

 tings we would prefer to treat as advised for scions, and 

 plant in spring. 



Figs in tubs or boxes to be stored in a dry, cool cellar 

 before freezing weather sets in. Trees to be forced 

 under glass must now be brought in. 



Frames in use during winter will now need glass cov- 

 ering. Get the sashes in readiness by mending and 

 painting. 



Grapes. — All tender varieties should be loosened from 

 the trellises and laid down upon the ground. This will 

 indeed be profitable for all sorts, and while so doing 

 they should also receive their regular pruning. Our 

 best authorities prefer fall to spring for pruning grapes. 

 The tenderest sorts, such as Duchess, lona, Goethe, etc., 

 had better be pegged down and covered with earth, loose 

 manure, or leaves. In cold climates this treatment will 

 be advisable for almost all varieties. In managing this 

 crop under glass, keep the late houses cool and dry, and 

 air freely. The vines in intermediate houses should be 

 pruned and laid down as soon as the leaves fall. Start 

 the vines in very early houses into gradual growth at 

 once. The borders should have a mulch of coarse 

 manure before cold weather sets in. 



Lettuce. — The crop in cold frames need plenty of air- 

 ing, and also sufficient protection from frost by means 

 of mats and shutters. In forcing pits the plants need 

 an average temperature of 55 degrees, and free airing 

 whenever the weather is suitable. The error most fre- 

 quently made is in keeping the plants too warm. To- 

 bacco stems scattered freely on the soil around the 



plants will be sure to keep the green fly in check. Avoid 

 excesses in watering and change of temperature. Plants 

 in cold frames to be wintered over need very little extra 

 protection. They are to be kept in a dormant, not in a 

 growing condition. 



Mushrooms. — If you have a cellar or suitable shed, it 

 will be a good thing to make a trial in growing this crop. 



Onions must be protected against repeated freezing 

 and thawing ; but they stand a temperature, even as low 

 as 15 above zero, quite well if not handled, and if allowed 

 to thaw out very gradually. Keep in a dry, cool, airy 

 place. Never try to winter a considerable amount with- 

 out having proper facilities for winter storage. 



Parsnips for early winter use should be dug and stored 

 like other root crops. For spring use leave them in the 

 ground. 



Ploiviftg ma.y be done now for earliest garden opera- 

 tions. The ground should be laid off in long and narrow 

 beds, and left in the rough over winter. It will be ready 

 for work as soon as the frost leaves the ground. 



Pineapples under glass when in fruit need a warm, 

 moist atmosphere. Young plants should be kept in a 

 moderately dry air, and in a temperature of 55 to 60 

 degrees. 



Rhubarb. — The plants in open ground should have a 

 generous dressing of nice rich fine manure. They can 

 stand a good deal of it ; in fact, will not do well if 

 stinted. For forcing under glass, take up some roots 

 now and store in cold frame. 



Salsify to be treated as directed for parsnips. 



Scions of fruit trees to be used for grafting in winter 

 or spring, to be cut, tied in small bundles and packed in 

 sand or moss in the cellar. 



Spinage. — The crop for spring use to be given a very 

 light covering of straw ; so light, indeed, that the green 

 leaves can be seen fairly well through the covering. It 

 is perfectly hardy. The crop in cold-houses will now 

 need but little attention. 



Squashes can be kept in a dry, not too cool place. 

 Frost must never touch them. 



Strawberries to be covered lightly with horse manure 

 or marsh hay. Leaves will do if held on. Do not pile 

 on so much covering as to smother the plants. Plants 

 in pots for forcing are to be plunged into cold frames be- 

 fore severe freezing weather sets in. Water sparingly. 



Stocks for root grafting should be taken up at once, 

 and stored in earth or sand in the cellar, or in cold 

 frames, so that they can be got at when wanted. 



Tools to be gathered up, cleaned, oiled, and stored in 

 a safe place for next season's use. 



Tzcrmps to be gathered and stored in barrels or cov- 

 ered heaps in a cool cellar for immediate use, or in pits 

 out-doors for spring use. 



