KILBUCK AND AHKLUN MOUNTAIN BIRDS 



7 



Fig. 4. Broken tracts of alder and willow as found throughout areas above 

 timberline; upper Tuluksak River area, June 1974. Photo by D. N. Weir. 



loides), and resin birch (Betula glandulosa) form the understory of black 

 spruce woodlands. Black spruce woodlands are largely confined to the 

 extreme northeastern interior of the study area, although some persist 

 southward near the western foothills. Forests are often low and open 

 (Fig. 5), and growth is slow; white spruce rarely exceed heights of 18 m, 



Fig. 5. Low, open forest typical of main valley floors; view up Slate Cheek, 

 Tuluksak River, early June 1977. Photo by D. N. Weir. 



