38 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 76 



4.2 young per brood (range, 2-7). Late small downies were found at the 

 Kisaralik River above timberline on 26 July 1979 (this study) and Kagati 

 Lake on 10 August 1962 (M. J. Fry, unpublished). A flock of 30 males was 

 on the Kisaralik River on 21 June 1987 (B. J. McCaffery, personal com- 

 munication). 



We found migrating and molting harlequins in rocky intertidal areas 

 and off rocky beaches (Fig. 13) along the coast at Goodnews Bay, 

 Chagvan Bay, Cape Peirce, Shaiak Island, and Walrus Islands. We saw 

 paired and unpaired birds on 27 April 1973 and 28 April 1976 and they 

 remained at Cape Peirce until late May and early June (1970, 1973, and 

 1976); thereafter, we saw primarily males in prebasic molt and basic 

 plumage. Small flocks of ducks used rocky intertidal areas at Cape Peirce 

 on 26-27 June 1970 (H. P. Brokaw, unpublished). There were flocks of 

 males in Goodnews Bay by 10 June 1974. We found flightless birds on 

 14 June-8 September, but most were capable of flight by 25 August 

 1976. 



Oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis). Aspm, Csr, FCfm (18 April-7 Octo- 

 ber). 



Oldsquaws nested in the Ahklun Mountains and on the coast and used 

 coastal estuaries in spring and fall. Large flocks of oldsquaws were in the 

 open waters of Bristol Bay, Hagemeister Strait, and Togiak Bay during an 

 aerial survey on 22 April 1 968 (f . G. King and M. A. Monson, unpublished); 



Fig. 13- Rocks adjacent to cliffs typically used by loafing harlequins while 

 flightless; Cape Peirce, 21 August 1973- Photo by M. R. Petersen. 



