1 24 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 76 



Rusty blackbird (Euphagus carolinus), Usr, Rftn (1 June-22 Sep- 

 tember). 



Blackbirds nested in the Kilbuck Mountains where they formed 

 colonies at the Salmon, Tuluksak, and Kisaralik rivers. We also found 

 birds at Togiak Lake, the Togiak River, and, in some years, at Nanvak Bay. 

 Birds were seen in the Nyac area on 15 July 1980 (uncommon; Mindell 

 1983), and at the Kisaralik River on 28 August 1985 (M. Brown et al., 

 unpublished) and 21 June 1987 (B. J. McCaffery, personal communica- 

 tion). Blackbirds were also found at the Kwethluk River (1 to >15 birds 

 per day on 6 days during 13-26 July 1985; M. Brown et al., unpublished); 

 in summer at the Eek River (R. Baxter, unpublished; 17, 21, and 23 June 

 1985, M. Brown et al., unpublished); on 4 August 1972 at Kagati Lake 

 (one; M. J. Fry, unpublished); and in early June 1974 near Goodnews 

 (B. Huffmon, personal communication). 



Blackbirds nested in beaver pond complexes in closed or open 

 spruce forests 75-300 m asl, then later 0uly- August) moved their young 

 to main rivers. We found lC-20 pairs (0.2-0.4 pairs per linear kilometer) 

 each year along 48 km of major streams at the Tuluksak River between 

 1962 and 1983; however, birds were much more common in 1952 when 

 they fed daily at the large garbage dump. The garbage dump was much 

 smaller during 1962-83. At the Tuluksak River, adults carried food items 

 from 1 June 1974 and 4 June 1983, and fledged young were common 

 from 24 June 1974. Families moved to rivers beginning on 10 July 1974, 

 and migration was in progress by 24 August 1974. A single bird was 

 present as late as 22 September 1977. We found a few migrants at Nanvak 

 Bay between 3 and 12 September 1973 and on 29 August 1976. 



Rosy finch (Leucosticte arctod). FCsr (27 April-2 September). 

 Specimens: UAM3110 and RMS1974/1 19/12. 



We found rosy finches throughout the study area where we visited 

 appropriate habitat. They probably nested inland at the Salmon and 

 Tuluksak rivers, were seen on 15 July 1985 at the Kwethluk River 

 (M. Brown et al., unpublished) and on 19 June 1985 at the Eek River 

 (M. Brown et al., unpublished), possibly nested along the coast near 

 Goodnews and Chagvan bays and at Cape Newenham, and nested at 

 Cape Peirce. They probably nested at Round Island in 1974 (T. J. Eley, 

 unpublished) and 1977 (P. D. Ameson and D. B. McDonald, personal 

 communication), and were uncommon and "suspected" to nest on 

 Crooked Island (P. D. Ameson and D. B. McDonald, personal communi- 

 cation). We found territorial birds inland in dry dwarf shrub mats and 

 screes and fell-field habitats (600-1250 m asl), and in similar habitats on 

 the coast at lower elevations. T. J. Eley (unpublished) found them on 



