16 



NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA 65 



sayal brown; breast wood brown; abdomen pale smoke gray to smoke 

 gray; and flanks light mouse gray to pale mouse gray. 



Two specimens collected on Maria Madre, May 7, 1897, by Nelson 

 and Goldman are slightly paler than the type; the back is Saccardo's 

 umber and the breast avellaneous. 



MEASUREMENTS 



Males (9 specimens): wing 163.0-176.0 mm. (av. 170.3), tail 114.0- 

 126.0 (121.4), tarsus 25.0-27.0 (25.7), cidmen 19.2-21.0 (20.5). 

 Females (4 specimens) : wing 161.8-165.0 mm. (av. 163.3), tail 108.0- 

 113.00 (110.0), tarsus 24.0-26.0 (24.6), culmen 20.0-22.0 (20.6). 



RANGE 



The Tres Marias Islands, Nayarit, Mexico, 60-75 miles west of 

 San Bias, Nayarit. 



REMARKS 



Nelson (1899) was the first to record this species for the Tres 

 Marias. He found white-winged doves rather common residents on 

 both Maria Madre and Maria Magdalena, and a few were seen on 

 Maria Cleofas, breeding in the last half of May. The fact that Gray- 

 son did not report this species from the Tres Marias on his trips 

 there in 1865, 1866, and 1867 (Lawrence, 1874) led Nelson (1899) 

 to think that these birds were recent residents on these islands. 

 However, white-winged doves have been overlooked in many other 

 places. They can be very local in distribution, especially under 

 adverse ecological conditions. 



McLellan (1927) found these doves fairly common at all places 

 visited in Sinaloa and Nayarit, including Maria Madre, in the fall 

 of 1925. The collection includes a male and female taken on Maria 

 Madre, October 23, 1925. 



The Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition of the Academy of Natural 

 Sciences of Philadelphia collected a good series including the type of 

 insularis on Maria Madre from July 10 to 16, 1941 (Bond and de 

 Schauensee, 1944) . 



Stager (1957) found Zenaida in considerable numbers on all islands 

 of the Tres Marias group, although they were outnumbered by 

 Leptotila and Columhigallina. Zenaida was likewise the least abund- 

 ant on Maria Cleofas, but could always be found in the forest margin 

 directly behind the beaches on the eastern side of that island. 



Grant (1965), in his taxonomic study of the birds of the Tres 

 Marias, examined a series of 10 male and 5 female white-winged 

 doves from the islands and 9 males and 12 females from a nearby 

 area on the mainland. He concluded that the two groups do not 

 differ sufficiently to warrant taxonomic recognition. He probably 

 reached this conclusion largely because some of his mainland speci- 

 mens were mearnsi migrants and winter visitants from farther north, 



