MAMMALS OF MARYLAND 



13 



22a. Coloration on back chestnut brown 



Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) 

 b. Coloration on back grayish brown. _ Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) 



Key to the Order Carnivora in Maryland 



la. Coloration black, or black and white 2 



b. Coloration not black 4 



2a. Size large, over 1,200 mm. in total length; tail short and not bushy 



Euarctos americanus (black bear) 



b. Under 800 mm. in total length; tail long and bushy 3 



3a. Upper parts marked with no more than two white stripes 



Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk) 

 b. Upper parts marked with four or more white stripes 



Spilogale putorius (spotted skunk) 



4a. Black facial mask; tail ringed Procyon lotor (raccoon) 



b. No black facial mask; tail not ringed 5 



5a. Total length under 700 mm 6 



b. Total length over 900 mm 9 



6a. Underparts brown except for white spots on chin and throat 



Mustela trison (mink) 



b. Underparts whitish or yellowish 7 



7a. No black tail tip; tail less than one-quarter of total length 



Mustela nivalis (least weasel) 



b. Black tail tip; tail more than one-quarter of total length 8 



8a. Black tail tip nearly 50 percent of tail vertebrae length 



Mustela erminea (ermine) 

 6. Black tail tip 40 percent or less of tail vertebrae length 



Mustela frenata (long-tailed weasel) 

 9a. Claws retractile ; pupils of eyes elliptical; tail short, less than 165 mm 



Lynx rufus (bobcat) 

 b. Claws not retractile; pupils of eyes not elliptical; tail long, over 300 



mm 10 



10a. Toes of fore and hind feet webbed; tail thick and heavy; aquatic in 



habits _Lutra canadensis (otter) 



6. Toes not webbed; tail not thick and heavy; not aquatic in habits 11 



11a. Coloration reddish; tail tip white Vulpes vulpes (red fox) 



b. Coloration grizzled grayish; no white tail tip 12 



12a. Total length over 1,050 mm Canis latrans (coyote) 



b. Total length under 1,050 mm Urocyon cinereoargenteus (gray fox) 



Key to the Order Artiodactyla in Maryland 



la. Back brownish, or reddish-olive in coloration, speckled with indistinct 

 white blotches; antlers narrow and standing erect above head; small 



canine teeth in upper jaws Cervus nippon (Sika deer) 



b. Back reddish-brown (summer) or grayish (winter) in coloration, not 

 speckled; antlers heavy, and curving forward over head; no canine 

 teeth present in upper jaws Odocoileus virginianus (Virginia deer) 



336-897 O — 69 2 



