10 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 
part of Cedar township and a very narrow strip of Graham town- 
ship adjoining on the south. Again, the Cedar receives the 
drainage of an irregular strip of land including a few sections 
in the southeast corner of Graham township and approximately 
the east half of Scott township and the northeast half of Lincoln 
township. 
The area drained by the English River is that of the Deer 
Creek basin in Washington township. This Deer Creek basin 
covers approximately the southern three-fourths of the township 
and the run-off has a general southerly direction. 
As to the remainder of the county by far the larger area is 
drained by the Iowa River. This stream enters the county be- 
tween Monroe and Oxford townships, in Section 31, Township 
81 north, Range 8 west, and continues with many windings in an 
easterly direction to the point where it enters the narrow, bluff- 
confined portion of its valley at Section 22, Township 81 north, 
Range 7 west. From this point it swings to the south and fol- 
lows many tortuous but constant loops, bending to the south- 
ward until it leaves the county. Below Iowa City its valley 
again widens and its meanderings become variable. It leaves 
the county at Section 32, Township 71 north, Range 5 west, 
having within the last few miles swung around toward the south- 
east, and holding this direction until it reaches the Mississippi, 
some thirty miles distant. | 
Within the county the Iowa River receives only two note- 
worthy tributaries from the west, Clear Creek and Old Man’s 
Creek, with a smaller intermittent stream,* Pardieu Creek, the 
basin of which lies almost wholly in Penn township. Clear 
Creek has its origin outside the county and drains the southern 
two-thirds of Oxford, all of Clear Creek, and the northwest cor- 
ner of Lucas townships. The low-lying, sandy northern third of 
Oxford township and practically all of Madison township, which 
is Similar, are drained by a number of small intermittent brooks, 
which run directly to the river. Except a few small streams 
which empty into the river itself, the remainder of the county 
west of the river is drained by Old Man’s Creek and its tribu- 
taries. The Old Man’s Creek basin includes all of Hardin, 
*Incorrectly labelled Muddy Face Creek on the Map of Penn township, Plate XI. 
