100 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 
pointing forward. A similar arrangement of minute hooklets 
is found on the darkened posterior end of the body. 
Another sipunculid worm is found in the sand near Pelican 
Island. It is much larger, more delicate in texture, translucent 
and light buffy in color, and attains a length of about eight 
inches. 
Many tube dwelling worms were found, including several 
serpulids, many of which shed their own crown of tentacles 
quite readily in the watch-glasses in which they were killed. 
Echiurus was also found here with a long prostomium and with- 
out gills. Owing to Miss Mullin’s industry, a very large collec- 
tion of worms was preserved, which will well repay special 
study on the part of some competent helminthologist. Poly- 
chete annelids furnished the largest and most conspicuous 
forms, doubtless including a number of interesting species. 
Celenterata—As would be expected in tropical waters 
abounding in coral reefs, we found an amazing array of ccelen- 
terates, particularly Actinozoa. There were acres of branched 
Porites, covering the bottom at two or three fathoms like a ear- 
pet, their short rounded branches crowded thickly over the 
whole surface. Looked at through the water-glass, they ap- 
peared to be the exclusive occupants of large areas. But the 
recesses between the thickly clustered upright branches were 
peopled by various crabs, serpent-stars, and other common reef 
inhabitants; while small fishes cruised about under their shade. 
In certain places off Hastings in somewhat deeper water, 
there were acres of bottom crowded with immense fronds of 
Isopora palmata, tan brown in color, with white edgings. These 
were in the form of great rosettes, sometimes ten. or twelve feet 
in diameter. 
Orbicella was also abundant, sometimes in the form of | 
rounded heads, sometimes in clumps of club-shaped branches 
with ends as large as one’s fist. I have never seen this form oi 
Orbicella before, and we secured at least one fine specimen for 
exhibition purposes. ‘‘Brain ecorals’’ were also common, both 
on the shallows and on the reefs. Being more solid and massive 
than most of the other corals, they take an important part in 
reef-building, constituting a considerable portion of the coral 
rock of which Barbados is largely built. The common Jso- 
