58 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 
by a black spot thus giving the appearance of bimaculation. Length, 
8.0 mm. (male)-17.0 mm. (female). Width across pronotum, 6.0 mm. 
(male)-9.0 mm. (female). 
This is our commonest species of Brochymena and, like our 
other forms, displays considerable variation. In general, how- 
ever, certain characters hold very well and Van Duzee (I. c.) 
has pointed out those of distinctive value as follows: ‘‘The long 
head, narrow and cleft at apex, the rounded anterior margin 
of the humeri, and the pale irregular teeth on the sides of the 
pronotum anteriorly will distinguish this species.’’ 
B. quadripustulata extends practically throughout the United 
States and Canada and is probably the most common species of 
the genus. Sixteen Iowa specimens are at hand from Ames, 
Towa City and Lake Okoboji only. A number of specimens have 
been taken from willows growing in moist situations. At Lake 
Okoboji two nymphs were taken on July 4 under such condi- 
tions and at Iowa City on August 20 two nearly mature insects 
and one adult were collected under similar circumstances. 
On November 13, four adult specimens were taken from 
under dead leaves along the border of a sand area near the 
Iowa river. While examining one of these specimens, after 
having picked it from under the leaves, it ejected with consid- 
erable force and to a distance of at least six inches, a drop of 
fluid from the ostiolar orifice. The morning was quite cool 
since a heavy frost had occurred during the night and, al- 
though the insect was practically unable to move, the scent 
glands seemed to be in good working order. 
My earliest seasonal record for the species is March 24 when 
a specimen was found hibernating in a dead stump. On April 6 
a specimen was found under dry oak leaves. 
Although this form was not recorded from Iowa by Osborn, 
it is possible that the form which he determined as B. annulata 
is the one here discussed. 
Brochymena carolinensis (Westwood) (Puate VI, Figure 2) 
1775. ||Cimex annulatus Fabricius, Syst. Ent., 704. 
1803. ||Halys annulata Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., 182. 
1811. +Halys serrata Wolff, Ic. Cim., V, 184, fig. 178. 
1837. Halys carolinensis Westwood, Cat. Hope, I, 22. 
1871. Brochymena harrisii Uhler, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XIV, 95. 
1872. Brochymena carolinensis Stal, Svensk. Vet. Handl., 10, no. 4, 17. 
1872. ||Brochymena annulata Stal, Svensk. Vet. Handl., 10, no. 4, 16. 
