262 



INDEX. 



PAGE 



Elytra or wing cases and membranous wings, .... 170 



Feathers, primary, secondary, and tertiary, . . , .180 



Fins,' flippers, and wings form mobile helices or screws, . . 14 



Flight, weight necessary to, . . . 3, 4, 110, 111, 112, 113 



Flight the poetry of motion, . . , . . . 6 



Flight the least fatiguing kind of motion, . . , .13 



Flight under water, ....... 90 



Flight of the flying-fish, 98 



Flight, horizontal, in part due to weight of flying mass, , .110 



Flight — the regular and irregular, ..... 201 



Flight — how to ascend, descend, and turn, .... 201 

 Flight of birds referrible to muscular exertion and weight, . , 204 



Fluids, mechanical efl'ects of, on animals immersed in them, 

 Fluids, resistance of, . . . , . . .18 



Flying machine, Henson, ....... 212 



Do. Stringfellow, 213 



Do. Cayley, 215 



Do. Phillips, 216 



Do. M. de la Landelle, . . . , .217 



Do. Borelli, ....... 219 



A flying machine possible, . . . . . .2,3 



Forces which propel the wings of insects, bats, and birds, . 186, 189 

 Fulcra, yielding, 8, 104, 165 



Gravity, the legs move by the force of, . . . . .18 

 Gravity, centre of, ....... 18 



History of the figure-of-8 theory of walking, swimming, and flying. 



Joints, ....... 



Kite-like action of the wings, . . . . 

 Kite — how kite formed by wing diifers from boy's kite, 



Laws of natural and artificial progression the same, 

 Legs, moved by the force of gravity. 

 Lever — the wing one of the third order, . 

 Levers, the three orders of, ... . 



Life linked to motion, ..... 



Lifting capacity of birds, ..... 



Ligaments, ...... 



Ligaments, elastic, position and action of, in wing of pheasant, snipe, 



crested crane, swan, etc. , . . . . 



Ligaments, elastic, more highly dift'erentiated in wings which vibrate 



quickly, ...... 



Locomotion, the active organs of, ... 

 Ijocomotion, the passive organs of, . . . 

 Locomotion of the horse, . . . . 



Locomotion of the ostrich, .... 



Locomotion of man, ..... 



Marey's artificial wings, ..... 

 Membranous wings, ..... 

 Motion associated with the life and well-being of animals, 

 Motion not confined to the animal kingdom, 

 Motion, natural and artificial, .... 



15 



23 



98 

 166 



4, 17 



18 

 103 

 19 



3 



205 

 24 



191 



193 

 24 

 21 

 . 39 

 45 

 51 



233 

 170 

 1 

 2 

 4 



