200 



TRAVELS IN BRAZIL. 



Goyaz, and Villa Bella oi Matto-grosso. (See Corografia 

 Brasilica, vol. i. p. 356., and Southey's History of Brazil, 

 vol. i. p. 312.) 



- Note 3. 



Mr. Von Eschwege (Geognostisches Gemalde von Bra- 

 silien, 1822, p. 15.) observes — " Unless I reckon as 

 such some patches of sandstone, the flotz formation is en- 

 tirely wanting in the interior of Brazil ; on the other hand, 

 the formation of the alluvial rocks acts an important part, 

 which, partly in a solid, partly in a loose form, do not so 

 much cover high mountains as fill up valleys. To the 

 first belongs the iron-stone conglomerate, entirely unknown 

 to the old world, and for which T retain the name given it 

 in the country, tapanho-acanga'^ To this we must ob- 

 serve, that the numerous and various fossils in our posses- 

 sion from this flotz formation evidently prove that the 

 tapanho-acanga is an iron-sto7ie Jlotz^ which belongs to the 

 quadersandstein formation which is known to every geolo- 

 gist in the old world. In the circle of the Regen and 

 Upper Maine, in the kingdom of Bavaria, this iron-stone 

 formation occurs in tracts, miles in length and breadth, and 

 is incumbent sometimes on primitive, and sometimes on 

 flotz mountains. In the vicinity of Amberg the main flcitz 

 mass consists in clay, partly of a grey and yellowish colour, 

 partly tinged more or less red by iron -ochre, of yellow 

 earth, of tuberous pieces of hardened lithomarge, coloured 

 clay, &c., in which are found irregular, generally tuberous, 

 pieces of clay, and of compact, fibrous, brown iron-stone, 

 rarely black iron-stone with grey manganese-ore, and still 

 more seldom wavellite between clay iron-stone. The roof 

 is quadersandstein^ which is traversed in various directions, 

 by what is called sand iron-stone ; the base is the same 



* This Gertnan word is retained for want of an English 

 synonym. Trans. 



