20 



NORTH AMERICAN- FAUNA, 



[No. 37. 



Key to American Species and Subspecies. 



[Based on typical adiilts.] 



a. Upperparts mainly black and white (shaded with cinnamon-buff on rump). 

 b. Underparts mainly white. 



c. Size small; condylo-basal length of $ skull less than 90 mm slieldoni (-p . 62) . 



c\ Size large; condylo-basal length of 9 skull more than 90 mm. 

 d. Skull shorter; condylo-basal length in 9 less than 98 mm. ..caligata (p. 59). 

 d^. Skull longer; condylo-basal length in 9 more than 98 mm.. nivaria (p. 66). 

 y. Underparts dusky (blackish brown, soiled whitish, or clay color), 

 c. Skull relatively short and broad; condylo-basal length in J" less than 101 

 mm.; in $ less than 98 mm. 

 d. Nasals shorter, rarely extending back of posterior ends of premaxillae. 



ohanagana (p. 64). 



d\ Nasals longer, always extending back of posterior ends of premaxillae. 



vigilis (p. 61). 



c^. Skull relatively long and narrow; condylo-basal length in c? more than 101 



mm.; in $ more than 95 mm. 

 d. Upperparts whiter; skull relatively broader (ratio of zygomatic breadth to 



cond^do-basal length 64-67) mscadensis (p. 67). 



c?^. Upperparts blacker; skull relatively narrower (ratio of zygomatic breadth 



to condylo-basal length 62-G4) oxytona (p. 63). 



a\ Upperparts mainly brownish, yellowish, drab, or buff y. 

 6. Upperparts of solid colors (not grizzled), 

 c. Upperparts brownish drab, buffy, or russet olympus (p. 69). 



c^. Upperparts dark vandyke brown, blackish brown, or black. 

 d. Posterior border of nasals deeply emarginate; color dark vandyke brown. 



vancouverensis (p. 70). 



d\ Posterior border of nasals not deeply emarginate; color blackish brown or 



black vigilis (p. 61). 



y. Uppei-parts of mixed colors (grizzled), 

 c. Sides of neck with conspicuous buffy patches. 

 d. Underparts distinctly reddish. 



e. Crown chestnut warreni (p. 52). 



e\ Crown blackish brown. 

 /. Long hairs on fore back with a subterminal band of black or brown. 



nosophora (p. 46). 



Long hairs on fore back without a subterminal band of black or brown. 



dacota (p. 49). 



d''. Underparts not distinctly reddish. 

 e. Size smaller; condylo-basal length of 9 skull 71-80 mm.; of skull 



85-87.1 



/. Fore back with a distinct buffy mantle. 



g. Underparts darker; size smaller parvula (p. 44). 



g\ Undei-parts paler; size larger avara (p. 41). 



f\ Fore back without a distinct buffy mantle engelhardti (p. 45). 



e\ Size larger; condylo-basal length of 9 skull 77-90 mm.; of c? skull 84-97 

 mm. 



/. Face markings and neck patches reduced. .ohscura (p. 53). 



Face markings and neck patches prominent. 



g. Hind feet darker (hazel or chestnut-brown) luteola (p. 50). 



g\ Hind feet lighter (tawny to light buff). 

 h. Larger; condylo-basal length of ^ skull more than GO mm.; of 9 



more than 84 mm fiaviventris (p. 39). 



h\ Smaller; condylo-basal length of J" skull less than 90 mm.; of 9 

 less than 84 mm sierrae (p. 43). 



1 Adult male of parvula and engelhardti unknown. 



