1915.] 



SCAPANUS TOWITSENDn. 



59 



of parietals in adults; zygomata heavy; rostrum long and rela- 

 tively narrow; sublachiymal-maxiilary ridge well developed; den- 

 tition heavy; unicuspid teeth, both maxillary and mandibular, 

 evenly spaced and not crowded as in latimanus; mandible relatively 

 weaker than in latimanus. 



Measurements. — ^Average of 3 young adult females from vicinity 

 of Portland, Oreg.: Total length, 206 (195-222); tail vertebrae, 48.3 

 (45-51); hind foot, 26.3 (24-28). Average of 7 adult males from 

 Ferndale, Humboldt County, Cal.: 224.1 (217-237); 41.1 (34-50); 

 26.7 (26-27). Average of 4 adult females from Ferndale, Cal.: 208 

 (202-210); 41.8 (37-46); 26.8 (26-27). SJculI: Average of 10 skulls 

 of adult males from Puyallup, Wash.: Greatest length, 43.6 (42.3- 

 44.6); palatilar length, 18.1 (17.4-18.8); mastoidal breadth, 20.8 

 (20.3-21.4); interorbital breadth, 9.2 (9.1-9.4); maxillary tooth row, 

 14.1 (13.7-14.4); mandibular moiar-premolar row, 13.8 (13.5-14.4). 

 Average of 10 skulls of adult females from Puyallup, Wash. : Greatest 

 length, 42.3 (41.5-44.1); palatilar length, 17.6 (16.9-18.1); mastoidal 

 breadth, 19.9 (19.3-20.4); interorbital breadth, 8.9 (8.4-9.2); maxil- 

 lary tooth row, 13.9 (13.5-14.4); mandibular molar-premolar row, 

 13.6 (13.2-14). Average of 3 skulls of young adult females from the 

 vicinity of Portland, Greg.: Greatest length, 41.8 (41.2-42.1); pala- 

 tilar length, 17.6 (17.3-18); mastoidal breadth, 19.8 (19.4-20); inter- 

 orbital breadth, 9 (8.7-9.1); maxillary tooth rov/, 13.4 (13.3-13.5); 

 mandibular molar-premolar row, 13.2 (13.1-13.3). Average of 7 

 skulls of adult males from Ferndale, Humboldt County, Cal. : Great- 

 est length, 42.9 (42.3-44.2); palatilar length, 18.3 (17.7-18.7); mas- 

 toidal breadth, 20.9 (20-21.8); interorbital breadth, 9 (8.7-9.5); 

 maxillary tooth row, 13.9 (13.5-14^); mandibular molar-premolar 

 row, 13.7 (13.2-14.1). Average of 4 skulls of adult females from 

 Ferndale, Cal.: Greatest length, 41.5 (41.2-41.9); palatilar length, 

 17.9 (17.8-18); mastoidal breadth, 20 (19.9-20.2); interorbital 

 ' breadth, 8.9 (8.7-9.1); maxillary tooth row, 13.7 (13.5-13.9); man- 

 dibular molar-premolar row, 13.3 (13.2-13.5). 



Remxirks, — ^The presence of moles in the Pacific northwest was 

 known to some of the early explorers, but the first one described was 

 by Richardson,^ who, though very accurately describing the animal 

 now known as Scapanus townsendii, referred his specimens to the com- 

 mon mole of eastern United States, then known as Scalops canadensis 

 Desmarest. It was not until ten years later that the species was 

 named, when Bachman ^ pubhshed his description based upon two 

 specimens. One specimen was a normally colored individual re- 

 ceived from Nuttall from a locality not stated; the other was col- 

 lected by Townsend and according to Bachman (loo. cit.) was 



1 Richardson, J., Fauna Boreali-Amer., part 1, pp. 9-12, 1829. 



2 Bachman, J., Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 8, part 1, pp. 58-60, 1839. 



