80 



ITOKTH AMEEICA15" FAUNA. 



[No. 38. 



[Scapanm] breweriFomel, Archiv. Sci, Physiques et Nat., tome 9, p. 247, 1848. 



T[alpa] reposta Le Conte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, 1853, p. 327, 1854. 



Type locahty unknown. 

 T[alpa] Breweri Le Conte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, 1853, p. 327, 1854. 

 Scapanus americanus Coues (based erroneously on Talpa americana Harlan [Bartram 



ms.], 1825, qui Talpa europsea Linnseus, 1758), Amer. Nat., vol. 13, p. 190, 1879. 

 Scaphanus (sic) breweri Herrick, Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. Minnesota, Bui. 7, p. 55, 



1892. 



Parascalops breweri True, Proc. U, S. Nat. Mus., vol. 17, p. 242, April 26, 1894. 



Type locality, — ^^Marthas Vineyard, Massachusetts. 



Type specimen. — None known to exist. 



GeograpMc range, — That of the genus (see p. 77). 



General cTiaracters. — Size medium (length averaging about 155 

 mm.); nostrils lateral, crescentic, with concavity upward; tail short, 

 thick, densely covered with hair; color dark; usually fuscous-black 

 or chaetura black; skull flat; audital bullse incomplete; rostrum 

 slender; first upper incisors with a distinct external accessory cusp. 



Color. — General tone, fuscous-black, chaetura black, or chsetura 

 drab, slightly paler and more grayish on underparts; hairs on feet, 

 and usually on nose and tail, more brownish, often becoming white 

 in old adults; throat and underparts sometimes stained with Dresden 

 brown or Saccardo's umber. The color in study skins soon fades and 

 becomes slightly brownish. 



Slcull. — Size medium (length about 32 mm.), flat, depressed post- 

 orbitally, especially in adults, slightly constricted interorbitally ; 

 zygomata moderately heavy; pterygoids small; audital bullae incom- 

 plete; auditory meatus absent; rostrum narrow; dentition moderate ; 

 first upper incisor with distinct outer secondary cusp; internal edge 

 of second upper molar trilobed. 



Measurements. — Average of 8 adult males from Magnetic City, 

 N. C: Total length, 149.5 (139-152); tail vertebrae, 30 (23-36); 

 hind foot, 19.5 (18-20). Average of 2 adult females from Lunen- 

 burg, Mass.fl53 (153-153); 29.5 (27-32); 18.5 (18-19). Slcull: 

 Average of 10 skulls of adult males from Magnetic City, N. C. : Great- 

 est length, 32.4 (31-33.8); palatilar length, 12.6 (12.1-13.1); mas- 

 toidal breadth, 14.5 (13.9-15); mterorbital breadth, 7.3 (7.1-7.5); 

 maxillary tooth row, 9.9 (9.2-10.2) ; mandibular molar-premolar row, 

 9.5 (8.9-9.8) . Skull of adult female from Lunenburg, Mass. : Greatest 

 length, 31.2; palatilar length,^ 12.2; mastoidal breadth, 14.3; inter- 

 orbital breadth, 7.2; maxillary tooth row, 9.6; mandibular molar- 

 premolar row, 9.3. 



RemarTcs. — Bartram was apparently the first to recognize this form, 

 to which he gave the manuscript name Talpa americana. Harlan ^ 

 placed Talpa americana (Bartram ms.) in synonymy under Talpa 

 europaea Linnaeus, apparently failing to distinguish the two forms 



1 Harlan, R., Fauna Amer., p. 43, 1825. 



