14 



NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA. 



[No. 40. 



CYNOMYS LUDOVICIANUS (Ord). 

 (Synonymy under subspecies.) 



Characters. — Differs from Cynomys mexicanus in more reddish col- 

 oration and shorter tail; black area on terminal portion of tail much 

 more restricted; skull with smaller audital bullse and less developed 

 triangular plate of jugal; teeth larger. 



Subspecies, — Two subspecies of Cynomys ludovicianus are here 

 recognized, the typical form, occupying a large part of the Great 

 Plains region from Montana to Texas; and C. I. arizonensis, the more 

 arid southwest, in New Mexico, Arizona, and adjacent portions of 

 Mexico and southwestern Texas. 



CYNOMYS LUDOVICIANUS LUDOVICIANUS (Ord). 



Black-Tailed Prairie-Dog. 



(PI. I, figs. 1, 4; PI. II, figs. 1, 4; PI. V, fig. 1; PI. VI; PI. VII, figs. 1, 7, 8.) 



1815. Arctomys ludovidana Ord, Gutlirie's Geogr., 2d Amer. ed., II, pp. 292, 302. 

 1817. Cynomys sodalis Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag., II, p. 45, November. 



(Plains of the Missouri.) 

 1817. Cynomys f grisea Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag., II, p. 45, November. ("On 



the Missouri.") 



1819. Monax missouriensis Warden, Stat., Pol., and Hist. Acc. U. S., I, p. 226. (''The 

 Missouri country." Based largely on the account of "Major Pike, in his expedi- 

 tion through Louisiana.") 



1822. Arctomys missouriensis Desmarest, Mammalogie, pt. 2, p. 329. 



1825. Arctomys ludovidani Harlan, Fauna Amer., p. 305. 



1825. Arctomys latrans Harlan, Fauna Amer., p. 306. (Plains of the Missouri.) 



1827. Spermophilus ludovidanus Lesson, Manuel de Mamm., p. 244. 



1827. Cynomis sodalis Lesson, Manuel de Mamm., p. 244 (syn.). 



1827. Spermophilus griseus Lesson, Manuel de Mamm., p. 245. 



1827. Cynomis griseus Lesson, Manuel de Mamm., p. 245 (syn.). 



1827. Cynomys griseus Lesson, Manuel de Mamm., p. 260. 



1829. Arctomys ludovidanus Cuvier, R^gne Animal, I, p. 197. 



1829. A{rctomys] missuriensis Fischer, Syn. Mamm., p. 345. 



1829. A[rctomys] griseus Fischer, Syn. Mamm., p. 345. 



1829. Arctomys {Spermophilus?) ludovidanus Richardson, Fauna Boreali-Amer., pt. 1, 

 p. 154. 



1829. C[ynomys] dnereus Richardson, Fauna Boreali-Amer., pt. 1, p. 155 (pro grisea 



Rafinesque, 1817). 

 1845. Cynomys dnereus Schinz, Syn. Mamm., II, p. 64 (syn.). 

 1855. Monax missuriensis Giebel, Die Saugethiere, p. 630 (syn.). 

 1857. Cynomys ludovidanus Baird, Gen. Rep. North Amer. Mamm., pp. xxv, 331. 

 1905. Cynomys pyrrotrichus Elliot, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XVIII, p. 139, 



April 18. (White Horse Spring, Woods County, Oklahoma; type in Field Mus. 



Nat. Hist., Chicago.) 



Type locality. — Upper Missouri River vicinity of the Missouri, 

 and throughout the greater part of Louisiana"). 



GeograpMc distribution. — Great Plains region of western United 

 States, south from near the Canadian border in Montana to west- 



