Mance: Quarry Industry of Southern Indiana 19 



is in control of the workman. The compressed air tools have 

 revolutionized stone-carving in the district, and at present 

 the work can be done for less than one-fourth the cost of the 

 same work done by hand. The amount of air used by each drill 

 depends on the condition of the drill and the kind of work it is 

 doing. The application of air power to the various processes of 

 stone carving and dressing marked the greatest single forward 

 step in the history of the stone industry. These air instruments 

 are not only great labor savers but also great cost reducers. 

 To quote one of the latest catalogs on stone-working tools: 



Among the essentials of a successful stone tool may be mentioned simplic- 

 ity of construction, that the mechanism may not be easily deranged; per- 

 fect workmanship and selected materials, implying reliability of service; 

 economy of air consumption and ease of management. 



The Ingersoll-Rand Compan\^ has on the market a number of 

 valveless tools designed for all grades of work from heavy 

 cutting to the most delicate tracing. The hammer or piston 

 performs the function of admitting and releasing pressure. 

 There is but one hardened piece of steel to move. These in- 

 struments consume from 2 to 6 cubic feet of air per minute. 



The air compressors in use are of two types: steam-driven 

 compressors and power compressors. The former give a high 

 power cost on account of their great steam consumption. Any 

 power-driven unit that can be driven from the main engine 

 of the plant is more economical of power than separate steam- 

 driven units, since losses in transmission of power by belting or 

 gearing are more than offset by the losses due to the use of 

 steam in small units. Most of the compressors used with 

 carving tools are single-stage power-driven compressors. 



The wages paid thruout the district vary according to locality, 

 but an effort has been made in the Lawrence county stone belt 

 to reach an agreement binding each operator to adhere to a fixed 

 scale previously agreed upon by the stone men of the district. 

 As a result of these moves the following scale of wages was adopted 

 by the operators of Lawrence count}^ This move was carried 

 into effect on March 1, 1910, and is still (1914) in force. 



MILL WORK (Cents per Hour) 



Planer men 



Traveler men 



Head sawyer 



Assistant head sawyer 



Sawyer 



Diamond sawyer 



32 3^2 

 28 3/2 

 25 



22 3^ 

 20 



25 



Car blocker. 

 Tool grinder 

 Blacksmith. 

 Laborer 



Head hooker. . 

 Second hooker 



22 M 



23 

 30 



25 

 20 



17 3^ 



