Mance: Quarry Industry of Southern Indiana 119 



the waste by means of a derrick in large piles at the sides of the 

 opening. When therefore the floor has to be extended to the 

 point where the waste-pile is located, the pile must be moved to 

 make room, and is usually thrown back into the worked-out 

 floor. Since most of the quarries are located on the hillsides a 

 better method of disposal and one which would not interfere 

 with the later recovery of the stone would be the use of cable- 

 ways and overhead cars for running the discarded blocks to a 

 place well removed from the quarry and to a point where there 

 was no quarryable stone to be covered. 



The usual price of the waste stone loaded on the cars at the 

 quarry is 15 cents per ton, the price paid by the limestone and 

 lime plants of the district. The charge of the railroad for moving 

 cars in the stone belt when the product is to be rehandled is $2 

 per car, making the product cost about 20 cents per ton delivered 

 at a central point. This is not, however, a fair estimate since 

 almost any of the quarries or mills would contract to give away 

 their waste if the contracting company would promise to take 

 care of the entire output of waste stone. 



The waste stone or at least a part of it might be taken care of 

 by some one or more of the following methods: (1) more careful 

 grading of the stone and the use of a large amount of the rejected 

 blocks in rougher buildings; (2) the production of ground lime" 

 stone for fertilizer and for use in the manufacture of glass; (3) 

 the production of lime; (4) the production of Portland cement; 

 (5) the production of crushed stone for road metal, for flux in 

 the steel industry, and for crushed rock concrete. 



In the case of the last four uses above mentioned the Mitchell 

 limestone of the overburden would be just as useful as the waste 

 Oohtic stone, and in the case of road metal and crushed rock 

 concrete, it would on account of its greater hardness be better 

 than the softer Oolitic stone. The cost of stripping could be 

 entirely met by the use of the stone in any one of the last four 

 ways. 



The amount of waste that could be utilized for these purposes 

 would be increased by the amount of Mitchell limestone taken 

 off as stripping, and the utilization of this stone would make 

 profitable the operation of quarries which have been abandoned 

 on account of the high cost of stripping this stone. 



Stone Grading. The present methods of grading stone are 

 very unsatisfactory since there are no hard and fast rules to 



