so NOMENCLATURE. 



Concave (concavus), when one surface of the body is de- 

 pressed. A higher degree of this depi'ession is denominated 

 hooded {cuculatus). 



When the hollowing is performed in a straight line, and a 

 section of it is hemispherical, it is said to be channelled (cana- 

 liculatus). 



When the hollowing is continued throughout a considerable 

 length, and it shews an angular section, it is called boat'- 

 shaped or keel-shaped {naviculatus, and carinatus). 



When a body is hollow throughout its whole length, it is 

 called tube-shaped {tubulosus, flstulosus). When the lower 

 and narrow part of the tube is gradually stretched into a very 

 wide circumference, the funnel-shape is produced {infundibu^ 

 liformls). 



Bell-shaped (campanulatuSy campaniformis), when the in- 

 terior hollow channel is closed at one end, and is somewhat 

 narrower in that part than at the other, where it is open and 

 expanded. 



When a narrow tube passes suddenly into a somewhat de- 

 pressed margin, but raised in the middle, it is said to be sal- 

 ver-shaped. 



If the tube is so short, that it is scarcely attended to, but 

 the rim is very flat and expanded, the body is said to be 

 wheel-shaped. 



If the tube is bent, pointed at one end, and expanded at 

 the other, it is said to be proboscis-shaped {proboscideus). To 

 this belongs the shut and self opening cavity of some or- 

 gans (pars clausa et dehiscens). If the opening is very small 

 and round, it is said to be pertusus, as the fruit of Endocar- 

 pon tephroides. A small hollowing in the base is said also to 

 be eoiculptus, as in the seeds of the Anchusa. 



V. Insertion, or Relative Position. 

 33. 



The position of organs, or of their parts, is a very variable 

 expression^ which may be referred to several kinds of charac- 



