50 



NOMENCLATURE. 



the past year amiotini ; and those of the year before the 

 last bimi. 



When a plant springs up, and grows during the first year, 

 and during the second puts on fruit and dies, it is called a 

 biennial (biennis) ^ the sign for which is <?. 



If a plant lasts several years, and every year sends out 

 new matter from its root, it is called perennial (perennis), the 

 sign of which is V-. 



CHAP. III. 



NAMES OF THE ORGANS. 

 1. The Root 

 64. 



The root (radix) ^ is that part of the plant by which it 

 descends into the earth. It may be considered as a part of 

 the stem, which has been changed only by the covering of 

 earth. 



But the root is distinguished from the radicle, or fibrils 

 of the root (radiculcE fibrilldE)^ which are branches, or fibres, 

 that descend from the principal root. 



65. 



A thickened root, in which we can commonly distinguish 

 the solid kernel from the softer surrounding matter, is called 

 a tvher (tuber) y (288.) The forms of these are so extremely 

 various, that they pass from the common spindle-form to the 

 perfectly spherical, the turbinated, and other forms ; (Tab.. 

 YI. Fig. 1. 3.) 



