76 



NOMENCLATURE. 



115. 



A capsule (capsula) is every dry fruit which does not 

 fall under the preceding or following article. 



When it is surrounded by a fleshy covering, it is called an 

 apple {pomum) ; (Tab. I. Fig. S3.) We must distinguish 

 the pumpkin (pepo) from this kind. The latter name is 

 given to a fleshy fruit, the seeds of which are fastened in the 

 interior circumference. Also the fruit of the Agrumse (Att- 

 rantium, De Cand.) is a peculiar, fleshy, and inflated fruit, 

 which can easily be divided into several membranaceous com- 

 partments. 



116. 



Fruits are often collected together in numbers. The Um- 

 bellatas and Rubiacese bear double achenia; the Labiatas 

 and Asperifolia? bear a fourfold fruit ; and five stand together 

 in the Geranium. 



Aggregated fruits are found in a great many plants, where, 

 by the swelling of the receptacle, their union is promoted. 

 In the Annoneae, for example, the single seeded kernels (p?/- 

 ren^e or acini) are collected together in the swollen receptacle. 

 In the Fig, a soft fleshy covering unites together many cari^- 

 opses. In the Mulberry several juicy utricuU are united in- 

 to one. 



The strobile (strobilus) of the Pines and Protese consists 

 also of utriculi, which stick under bracteae that are very in- 

 volved and hard, and which together form a ball ; (Tab. I. 

 Fig. 9.) When these bracteas swell and flow together, they 

 form the galbulus of the Cypress, Thuia, and even of the 

 Juniper ; (Tab. 1. Fig. 8.) 



117. 



The fruits of imperfect plants must also be considered. In 

 Ferns the membranaceous and spherical reservoir of the seed 

 is called the capsule. In the true Ferns, we observe a joint- 

 ed ring (^amiuliis), by the elasticity of which the capsule is 

 thrown off; (Tab. II. Fig. 9.) In the Mosses also, the fruit 

 has been called a Capsule, although some use the expressioa 



