THE SEVERAL KINDS OF CALYX. 3 



it is the perianthium of the fiovoer ;...if the germen, but not the 

 stamina, the perianthium of the fruit but if it includes both, it is 

 the perianthium of the fructification. 



2. Involucrum, a cover, when stationed at the foot of an um- 

 bel, at a distance from the flower*; it is an universal involucrum, 

 if it is under the universal umbel;... or a partial one, if under a 

 partialf. 



3. Amentum, catkin, when it proceeds from one common re- 

 ceptacle, resembling the chaff of an ear of corn. 



4. Spatha, sheath, when it bursts lengthways, and puts forth 

 a spadixt. 



5. Glume, husk, in grasses, which it folds over with its valves; 

 and the sharp point or beard issuing from the glume is called an 

 arista. 



6. Calyptra, a veil, in mosses, where it is placed over the 

 anthem, tops of the stamina, and is hooded like a monk's cowl. 



7. Volva, from its involving, or infolding, in the fungi, or 

 mushroom tribe, where it is membranaceous, and rent on all sides. 



It is sometimes difficult to distinguish a calyx from the bractea, 

 floral leaf^, such as is found to accompany the fructification 



* Sometimes this part does not attend an umbel, as in the anemony. Editor, 

 For the definition of an umbel, vide p. 13. Editor. 



X Spadix properly signifies the receptacle of a palm : see p. 14. But spatha is 

 not confined only to such plants as have a spadix in this sense of the term, but is ap- 

 plied to Narcissus, Galanthus, Pancratium, and many others, whose flower-stalks 

 come out of a sheath. Spadix therefore is here to be understood in a more general 

 sense: agreeable to such latitude we shall find it used in Chap. 19, under the head 

 of spadiceous aggregate flowers, to express the common receptacle in Calla, Dra- 

 contium, Pothos, Arum, and Zostera, as well as in the Palms. Author. 



§ In many plants there are found green leaves amongst the flowers, that differ in 

 shape from the original leaves of the plant. These are the Bractea, or feral leaves, 



B 2 



