THE TRUNK. 417 



4. The Hybernactjla, winterings*; each of which is a com- 

 pendium of the herb upon its root before it begins to grow. 

 See Chap. IX. 



CHAP. IV. 



OF THE TRUNK. 



TRUNCUS, the trunk, is that which produces the leaves and 

 fructification: it is of seven kinds, viz. Caulis,...culmis,„,scapus> 

 t . .pedunculus, * . .petiolus, . . .frons, . . . and stipes. 



I. Caulis, a stem, is the proper trunk of the herb, and serves 

 to elevate the leaves and fructification: it is either simple... ox com- 

 pound. 



Simple stems are such as proceed in a continued series toward* 

 their summits ; and these may be, 



1. Integri, entire ; when they are most simple, having scarce 

 any branches. 



2. Nudi, naked; when they are destitute of leaves, as inEu-* 

 fhorbia,.. .Cactus,. . .Stapeli a, . . .Ephedra, . . .and Cuscuta. 



3. Foliate, leafy ; when they are furnished with leaves. 



4. Flexuose, bending different ways, when the direction of 

 the stem changes at every joint, as in Ptelia. 



5. Volu biles, twining; when they ascend spirally by the 

 branch of some other plantf : these wind either to the left, ac- 

 cording to the motion of the sun (as it is commonly phrased), 



* These are the bulbs and buds. Editor. 

 •f* Vide Plate V. Figure 4, of this work. 



2E 



