66 



PRINCIPLES OF 



P. III. 



The strength or degree of this appui (al- 

 lowing for the different qualities of horses' 

 mouths), depends on the relative situation of 

 the hand and position of the horse. 



The raising of the rider's hand increases his 

 power; and this, raising the horse's head, 

 diminishes his power. 



If a garter were placed across the pupil's 

 forehead, and a person behind him held the 

 two ends in a horizontal direction, if the pupil 

 stood quite upright, he could not pull at the 

 person's hand, nor endure the person's hand 

 to pull at him without falling or running back- 

 wards. This is the situation of a horse when 

 united. 



Accordingly, when the pupil felt the hand 

 severe, or expected it to pull, he would guard 

 against it by bending the body, projecting 

 the head, and planting one foot behind. This 

 is the situation of the horse when disunited, 

 or defending himself against the heaviness of 

 the hand. 



