84 



PRINCIPLES OP 



Pv IV. 



Would you make your horse stop or go 

 backward? Quit the first position, let the 

 wrist be quite round ; turn the nails quite 

 upwards, and the knuckles towards the horse's 

 neck. This is the fifth position. 



These different positions, however, are not 

 alone sufficient ; we must be able to pass from 

 one to another with readiness and order. 



These aids where the reins are held in one 

 hand are not so effective as those where the 

 reins are separate; which have already been 

 described. 



They may be more simply given by a little 

 extending or bending the wrist to make the 

 horse advance or go backward, and by slightly 

 carrying the hand to the right or left, and ra- 

 ther upward, to make the horse turn in these 

 directions. 



