638 Report to H.R.H. the President 



Second Trial, with Jersey Cream. 



Exhibitors. 



Cream 



Time. 



Butter. 



Residue. 



Quality. 



Form of 

 Churn. 



Thermometer 



Bursjess and Key . . 

 Lavoisie, French . . 

 Clare,^ French . . . 

 Duchene, Beloian 



quarts 

 4 

 4 

 2 

 1 



30 



min. sec. 

 1 45 

 1 45 



0 45 



1 45 



2 30 



lbs. oz. 



4 Oi 

 4 2 

 2 2 

 1 0^ 

 27 0 





Best. 



Very good. 

 3rd best. 

 Good. 

 2nd best. 



Wood, box. 

 Wood, box. 

 Tin. 

 Tin. 



Barrel, wood 



Air. 



h 



Cream 

 75 



C. B. Challoner. 



VII. Draining. 



Tiiis last class of machines, those connected with draining-, 

 ought perhaps to have formed the first class, inasmuch as draining 

 is the only road to good culture on land which lies wet ; but as 

 much land does not require draining, and as it does not belong 

 to the regular task of the farmer, but is a work to be done once 

 for all by the landlord, the machines employed in this mode of 

 improvement have been reserved to the end. 



1. Tile Machines. 



Twelve years ago draining- tiles were made by hand, cumbrous 

 arches with flat soles, costing respectively 505. and 25s. per 1000. 

 Pipes have been substituted for these, made by machinery, which 

 squeezes out clay from a box through circular holes, exactly as 

 macaroni is made at Naples, and the cost of these pipes averages 

 from 20s. down to 12s. per 1000. The old price was almost 

 prohibitory of permanent drainage, excepting where stones were 

 at hand : the new invention has reduced this permanent im- 

 provement to a rate of 41. or 3Z. per acre, not exceeding in cost 

 the manure given to a single turnip crop in some high-farmed 

 districts. This result has been obtained by a most spirited competi- 

 tion among mechanists, as no less than 34 different tile-machines 

 competed in 1848 at the York meeting. Since then the struggle 

 has been practically between three only, on which, in the present 

 year, we have the following report :^ — 



Trial of Tile Machinery/. — I recommend to the consideration of the jury 

 the Tile and Brick Machines of Mr. Clayton, Mr. Scragg, and Mr. 

 Whitehead. 



I first tested their capacity in screening the earth. The result of this 

 trial was that in five minutes 



Mr. Clayton screened . . 327 lbs. 2 men and boy 



Mr. Whitehead . . 361 „ 2 men 



Mr. Scragg . . . 202 „ 2 „ 



I give the preference to Mr. Clayton's screen, as it clears itself, and the 

 portion rejected consisted almost entirely of small stones, &c. ; whereas 



sight could not be remedied. There was also a fixed apparatus which could not 

 have been tried. 



