Draining- Tiles and Soles, 



97 



founded at the depth of about five feet under the level of the 

 surface of the ground, and are carried up in solid brick work, the 

 whole length of the kiln, as from a to b, to the height of two feet 

 six inches, see also fig. 4. The over-all dimensions of the kiln 

 are twenty-four feet in length and twenty feet in width, th^ 

 height from the floor to the top is twelve feet ; it is capable of 

 burning forty-five thousand tiles. The width of the ash pits 

 under the grate bars is fourteen inches and of the furnaces above 

 the grate bars two feet. The height of the ash pit eighteen inches, 

 and of the furnaces to the spring of the arches twelve inches, and 

 the rise of the arch fifteen inches, over which the floor of the kiln 

 is laid. The walls above the level of the floor are carried up at a 

 thickness of two feet six inches. In the piers of the furnaces the 

 shaded parts represent the position of flues formed through the 

 arches, to carry the flame through the openings in the floor — 

 c d cd cd are the grate bars ; B is the hopper to contain the 

 fuel ; and to allow space for the fireman, its dimensions over all 

 are twenty-five feet in length, and sixteen feet six inches in width, 

 the necks of the furnaces projecting into it two feet. 



Fig. 3. Is a plan of the kiln taken above the level of the floor ; 

 a a the walls ; b the doorway by which the kiln is loaded ; and the 

 interior represents the perforated floor, the shaded parts being 

 the perforations or flues, having a width of six inches, crossed 

 occasionally with a brick to bind the arches, the arches themselves 

 being nine inches in breadth. If the sides of the kiln are slightly 

 curved, as shown by the dotted lines c c, and embanked with clay 

 on the outside, less thickness of wall will suffice; it will be 

 equally strong and will retain the heat better. 



Fig. 3. 



Fig. 4. 



Fig. 5. 



Fig. 4. Is a transverse section of the kiln, a a the ground line, 

 b the piers, c the ash pits, d the furnace and grate bars, e the wall, 

 and / the door way. 



Fig. 5. Is a cross section of a drying shed upon an enlarged 

 scale, showing the position of the shelving a in relation the 

 posts b. 



VOL. II. H 



