On the Drainage of Land. 



277 



70 roods of drainmg, cutting, laying the tiles, 



and 



£. 



s. 



d. 



upfilling, at Ad. per rood 





1 



3 



4 



1500 tiles per acre, at 30^?. per thousand 





2 



5 



0 



Carriage of do., 6^. per do. 





0 



9 



0 



Do. of turf for covering the tiles, and cutting 



do., 









70 roods, at Qd. per rood 





1 



1.5 



0 



Ploughing with the Deanston plough, and 



four 









horses ...... 





1 



6 



0 



Thus yielding- an annual interest of rather more than 1 1 per cent, 

 on the outlay. 



I have moreover the authority of the Marquess of Tweeddale 

 for stating, that the increased product of his home farm, at 

 Yester, in Scotland;, has been nearly two-thirds on most of the 

 crops, and in some cases much more, upon all the land which has 

 been subsoil-ploughed and drained. One field, indeed, which 

 his Lordship declares to have formerly carried only 17 bushels of 

 oats per acre, has given 67 bushels of barley, after having been 

 trench-ploughed and drained. 



These improvements by means of drainage, although clearly 

 evincing its importance, both to the landlord in the increased 

 value of his property, and to the farmer in the production of his 

 crops, are yet less decisive than that which I shall here briefly 

 attempt to describe. 



The extra-parochial place of Teddesley Hay, in Staffordshire^, 

 is the residence of Lord Hatherton, and contains 2586 acres. It 

 was originally part of the forest of Cannock, and, with the excep- 

 tion of two anciently enclosed parks — one of them containing 

 589, the other 198 acres — continued unenclosed till the year 

 1820, when the whole became, either by allotment or purchase, 

 the property of his Lordship. 



Since then Lord Hatherton has been engaged in lajing out 

 this tract and the adjoining land in a manner suitable to the 

 neighbourhood of his residence, by making large plantations and 

 an extensive farm ; the old park fences having been thrown down, 

 and the whole of the lands subjected to a new arrangement. 



The extent of the farm-lands is 1832 acres, comprising a range 

 of high and dry hills to the east, adjoining Cank Chace, which 

 hills were formerly an extensive -rabbit-warren, covered w ith heath, 

 or fern. From the hills the lands slope gradually, with slight 

 undulations to the west, down to the River Penk — a distance of 

 somewhat about 3 miles. 



Having heard this tract of land below the hills mentioned as 

 exhibiting in a striking manner the results both of judicious 

 draining and employment of the water so obtained, I took an 

 opportunity of visiting the place in the latter end of ^lay, 1841. 



