350 



Thorough- Draining and Subs oil- Plovghing. 



The whole of this crop is drawn and carried to feeding cattle : 

 the land is perfectly clean and satisfactory. 



No. 7. — This field was subsoil-ploua^hed after oats, and worked 

 for turnips, 1840; is a clay loam, with a stiff subsoil; about 

 three- fourths of the field sown with swedes, and the remainder 

 with White Norfolk ; all a very good crop ; fold manure used : 

 the draining and subsoil-ploughing very effectual. 



No. 8. — This field is now subsoil-ploughed, and will be pre- 

 pared for turnips, upon which I shall have occasion to say some- 

 thing in my next. The draining is effectual. 



No. 9. — A part of this field is just drained, and ready for the 

 subsoil-plough, intended for turnips. The part now drained 

 was previously very wet, with very little wheat upon it. 



Having gone through a detail of the different fields which have 

 undergone the operation of thorough-draining and subsoil-plough- 

 ing, together with a statement of the produce, which I have given 

 in the most correct manner I can, I beg now to offer some further 

 remarks generally upon the different matters carried on, which I 

 think may be more satisfactory to you, as you have taken an active 

 part in the inspection of the proceedings. 



First. I have to observe, that the produce of the different fields 

 is below the average which might have been expected, more 

 particularly after thorough-draining and subsoil-ploughing ; but 

 to account for this I have to state, that when you took the farm 

 in hand at Lady- Day, 1836, it was in a most impoverished, foul 

 state, and little could be effected the first year to increase the 

 produce, therefore very little manure was made : lime has been 

 applied liberally ; and the manure now obtained from the farm 

 is more than doubled; the land consists of a great variety of 

 surface, and the substrata are of an inferior quality. I mention 

 this because it must be considered that with the very light manur- 

 ing of the arable land, and its quality, though thorough-drained 

 and subsoil-ploughed, the crops could not be expected to increase 

 rapidly : my reason for making this observation is, because I have 

 pledged myself to give you a report of the crops and mode of 

 management, and 1 am now looking for an increased produce 

 from the fields that first underwent the operation, which I think 

 is now just coming into action. In the field No. 2, which was 

 subsoil -ploughed in 1837, three parts of it have now been ploughed 

 one foot deep, bringing up a variety of soil ; and the other part 

 has been ploughed 9 inches deep : the whole field is intended 

 for turnips ; and I have little doubt of succeeding. I am more 

 sanguine because No. 6 was ploughed 9 inches deep in February 

 last year, and the soil turned up open and mellow ; it was not 

 ploughed again, only worked with twins, harrows, and roll ; no 

 land could be in finer order^ and this clearly shows that the 



